Correct Answer : Option (D) - December 2nd

The International Day for the Abolition of Slavery, observed annually on December 2nd, marks a significant moment in global history. It is a day dedicated to remembering and acknowledging the brutal history of slavery and the ongoing impacts of its legacy.

The day originates from the United Nations General Assembly’s adoption of the Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others on December 2, 1949. This day serves as a poignant reminder of the enduring struggle against slavery and its modern forms.


The Evolution of Slavery: From Past to Present : Historically, slavery was a systematic institution where individuals were treated as property, bought, and sold, often enduring unimaginable hardships. This practice dates back thousands of years, spanning numerous civilizations and cultures. However, modern slavery has taken different forms, including human trafficking, forced labor, and the exploitation of children in various industries. Today, it is a hidden crime that affects millions globally, transcending borders, ages, and nationalities.


Global Efforts in Eradicating Slavery : In response to this ongoing crisis, international organizations and governments worldwide have implemented various measures aimed at combating modern slavery. The United Nations, through its agencies like the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), has been at the forefront of these efforts. They work towards enforcing labor standards, raising awareness, and supporting victims. National governments have also been instrumental in enacting laws and creating task forces to address these issues within their borders.


The Role of Awareness and Education : Raising awareness and educating the public about the realities of modern slavery is vital in combating this issue. Awareness campaigns, educational programs, and community involvement are crucial in identifying, preventing, and reporting instances of slavery. These initiatives also play a significant role in changing societal attitudes and behaviors that perpetuate slavery.


The Impact of Technology in Combating Slavery : Advancements in technology have provided new tools in the fight against slavery. From blockchain to enhance supply chain transparency to AI-driven platforms for identifying victims, technology is proving to be an invaluable ally. Social media and digital platforms also play a significant role in spreading awareness and mobilizing support against slavery.

Correct Answer : Option (B) - 59th

The Border Security Force (BSF) celebrated its 59th raising day on 1st December. This significant organization plays a pivotal role in ensuring the security of India’s borders with Pakistan and Bangladesh. Established in the aftermath of the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965, the BSF’s motto, “जीवन पर्यन्त कर्तव्य” (Duty Unto Death), reflects its unwavering commitment to safeguarding the nation.


Organizational Growth and Structure :

* Historical Background : Initially formed with 25 battalions, the BSF has witnessed substantial growth and currently comprises 192 battalions and approximately 270,000 personnel.

* Specialized Units : Beyond its core battalions, the BSF houses specialized units, including air and naval wings, as well as an artillery regiment, enhancing its operational capabilities.


Roles and Mandates :

* During Peacetime : Primary Objectives: The BSF’s core responsibilities during peacetime encompass border security, thwarting trans-border crimes such as smuggling and unauthorized entry, anti-infiltration efforts, intelligence gathering, and ensuring the well-being of border residents.

* Legal Authority : The BSF operates under the Border Security Force Act, 1968, and is governed by the Ministry of Home Affairs.

* During Wartime : War-Time Functions: In times of conflict, the BSF assumes vital roles, including holding ground in assigned sectors, undertaking limited offensive actions against irregular enemy forces, and providing support to the army in border regions.

Correct Answer : Option (C) - 1st Dec 2023

Sandra Day O’Connor, the first woman on the United States Supreme Court, a rancher’s daughter who wielded great power over American law from her seat at the center of the court’s ideological spectrum, died on Friday (1st Dec 2023) in Phoenix. She was 93.

The Supreme Court announced her death in a statement, saying the cause was complications of dementia. She grew up in Arizona and lived there most of her life.

In a public letter she released in October 2018, when she was 88, the former justice, who had not been seen in public for some time, announced that she had been diagnosed with the beginning stages of dementia, “probably Alzheimer’s disease,” and consequently was withdrawing from public life.


Early Life and Legal Career :

* Sandra Day O’Connor was born on March 26, 1930, in El Paso, Texas.
* She earned her Bachelor of Arts and Juris Doctor degrees from Stanford University.
* O’Connor faced significant challenges as a female lawyer in a male-dominated profession during the mid-20th century.