How would you handle use cases where a more granular level of control is needed beyond just allowing or denying network traffic?

In cases requiring more granular control, implement extended ACLs that consider additional factors like source/destination IP addresses, protocols, and port numbers. Utilize role-based access control (RBAC) to assign permissions based on user roles, ensuring least privilege principle. Implement time-based ACLs for temporary access or scheduled restrictions. Consider using dynamic ACLs with authentication for individualized access control. Integrate network devices with external systems like RADIUS or TACACS+ for centralized management of access policies.