Cyber infrastructure refers to the integration of computing systems, data storage, networking, and software tools to enable collaborative research, innovation, and secure digital operations. It supports activities like data analysis, communication, and knowledge sharing.
It ensures seamless data flow, robust security, enhanced collaboration, and scalability for IT systems. It also supports the integration of emerging technologies like AI, IoT, and big data.
LAN : Local Area Network, confined to a small area.
WAN : Wide Area Network, spans large geographic areas.
VPN : Virtual Private Network, provides secure communication over public networks.
5 .
How does cloud computing impact cyber infrastructure?
It enhances scalability, flexibility, and resource sharing while reducing operational costs. However, it also brings challenges like data security and compliance.
DNS (Domain Name System) translates human-readable domain names (e.g., example.com) into IP addresses, enabling communication between devices on a network.
7 .
What is SDN, and how does it benefit cyber infrastructure?
SDN (Software-Defined Networking) decouples network control from the hardware, allowing centralized management, improved network agility, and scalability.
8 .
What are the major threats to cyber infrastructure?
Common threats include phishing, ransomware, DDoS attacks, insider threats, and advanced persistent threats (APTs).
9 .
What is the CIA Triad in cybersecurity?
The CIA Triad stands for Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability, which are the three core principles of information security.
Firewalls : Block unauthorized traffic and enforce network policies.
IDS : Monitor network traffic for suspicious activity and alerts administrators to potential threats.
11 .
What is zero trust architecture?
A security model that assumes no user or system is trustworthy by default, enforcing strict identity verification and least-privilege access.
12 .
What is the role of data governance in cyber infrastructure?
Data governance ensures that data is managed securely, consistently, and compliantly. It establishes policies for data quality, privacy, and lifecycle management.
13 .
What is RAID, and why is it used?
RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks) is a data storage virtualization technology used to improve performance and provide data redundancy.
14 .
Explain the concept of disaster recovery in cyber infrastructure.
Disaster recovery involves planning and implementing strategies to restore IT operations and data in case of disruptions like natural disasters or cyberattacks.
15 .
What is a data lake, and how is it different from a data warehouse?
* Data Lake : Stores raw, unstructured data for flexible use. * Data Warehouse : Stores processed, structured data for specific analytical purposes.
16 .
How does IoT impact cyber infrastructure?
IoT increases data flow and network traffic, requiring scalable and secure infrastructure. It also introduces unique security challenges due to device heterogeneity.
17 .
What is edge computing, and why is it important?
Edge computing processes data closer to the source (e.g., IoT devices) rather than relying solely on central data centers, reducing latency and improving efficiency.
18 .
How do blockchain and distributed ledgers enhance cyber infrastructure?
They improve data integrity, security, and transparency by providing a decentralized, tamper-resistant system for recording transactions.
* Implementing identity and access management (IAM).
* Encrypting data in transit and at rest.
* Regularly auditing and monitoring systems.
* Using multi-factor authentication (MFA).
20 .
Describe a time when you implemented a solution to improve cyber infrastructure.
This is an opportunity to showcase your experience. Use the STAR method (Situation, Task, Action, Result) to describe a specific project and its impact.
