What is Advanced Routing in FuelPHP?

You can also have named parameters in your routes. This allows you to give your URI segments names which can then be accessed from within your actions.
 
Example :
return array(
    'blog/:year/:month/:id' => 'blog/entry', // Routes /blog/2010/11/entry_name to /blog/entry
);
In the above example it would catch the following /blog/2010/11/entry_name. It would then route that request to your 'entry' action in your 'blog' controller. There, the named params will be available like this :
$this->param('year');
$this->param('month');
$this->param('id');