Artificial Intelligence Interview Questions : From Advanced

Artificial Intelligence (AI) – A Complete Overview

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think, learn, and solve problems. AI is transforming industries like healthcare, finance, education, and automation through machine learning, deep learning, and natural language processing.

Types of AI :

AI can be categorized into different types based on capabilities and functionalities.

1. Based on Capabilities

1. Narrow AI (Weak AI) :

• Designed for specific tasks.
• Cannot perform tasks beyond its programming.
• Examples:
  • Siri, Alexa (Voice Assistants)
  • Google Search
  • Netflix Recommendations

2. General AI (Strong AI) :

• Can think and learn like a human.
• Still theoretical, not yet developed.
• Would require advanced reasoning and cognitive skills.

3. Super AI

• Hypothetical AI that surpasses human intelligence.
• Would have decision-making abilities beyond human capabilities.
• A concept seen in science fiction (e.g., Skynet from Terminator).

2. Based on Functionality

1. Reactive Machines

• No memory, only reacts to current situations.
• Example: IBM’s Deep Blue (Chess AI)

2. Limited Memory AI

• Can use past experiences to make decisions.
• Example: Self-driving cars (Tesla Autopilot)

3. Theory of Mind AI

• Can understand emotions and human thoughts.
• Still in development.

4. Self-Aware AI

• AI with its own consciousness and self-awareness.
• Hypothetical, not yet created.

AI Technologies :

* Machine Learning (ML) – AI learns from data patterns (e.g., Spam detection).
* Deep Learning – Uses neural networks (e.g., Face Recognition).
* Natural Language Processing (NLP) – Helps AI understand human language (e.g., ChatGPT).
* Computer Vision – Enables AI to see and process images (e.g., Google Lens).
* Robotics – AI-powered robots for automation (e.g., Boston Dynamics robots).

Real-World Applications of AI

1. Healthcare :

• AI-powered diagnosis (Google’s DeepMind)
• Robotic surgeries (Da Vinci Robot)
• Personalized medicine

2. Finance :

• Fraud detection (PayPal AI security)
• Stock market prediction (AI trading bots)
• Automated customer support (AI chatbots)

3. Automotive :

• Self-driving cars (Tesla, Waymo)
• AI-powered traffic management systems

4. Gaming :

• AI-driven game characters (NPCs in GTA, FIFA AI)
• AI-powered game design

5. E-commerce

• Personalized recommendations (Amazon, Netflix AI)
• Chatbots for customer service (e.g., Shopify’s AI bots)

Future of AI :

• Ethical AI: Ensuring fairness & reducing biases.
• Quantum AI: Using quantum computing for advanced AI.
• AI & Creativity: AI-generated art, music, and writing.
• AI & Human Collaboration: AI working alongside humans to improve productivity.

1. What is Artificial Intelligence?

Artificial intelligence is computer science technology that emphasizes creating intelligent machine that can mimic human behavior. Here Intelligent machines can be defined as the machine that can behave like a human, think like a human, and also capable of decision making. It is made up of two words, "Artificial" and "Intelligence," which means the "man-made thinking ability."
 
Artificial Intelligence is today widely used for various areas or applications like computer vision, speech recognition, decision-making, perception, reasoning, cognitive capabilities, Bio-informatics, Humanoid robot, Computer software, Space and Aeronautics’s etc.

With artificial intelligence, we do not need to pre-program the machine to perform a task; instead, we can create a machine with the programmed algorithms, and it can work on its own.

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