Correct Answer :   Varanasi

---

In a significant development, two iconic products from the historic city of Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, have been granted the coveted Geographical Indication (GI) status. On April 16, 2024, the GI Registry Office based in Chennai announced that the Tiranga Barfi of Varanasi and the Dhalua Murti Metal Casting Craft have been included in the prestigious GI category.

Uttar Pradesh’s GI Product Tally Reaches 75 :

This latest addition has further strengthened Uttar Pradesh’s position as a leader in the GI domain. With the inclusion of Tiranga Barfi and Dhalua Murti Metal Casting Craft, the total number of GI products from the state has reached an impressive 75, comprising 58 handicrafts and 17 agricultural and food products. This remarkable achievement sets a new record for the highest number of GI tags associated with a particular state in India.

The Iconic Tiranga Barfi :

Steeped in the rich history of India’s independence movement, the Tiranga Barfi holds a special place in the hearts of Varanasi’s residents. During the struggle for freedom, this tricolored sweetmeat was ingeniously crafted to facilitate secret meetings and information exchange among revolutionaries. The saffron hue is derived from saffron, the green color comes from pistachio, and the white shade is created using khoya and cashew nuts.

Varanasi’s Dhalua Murti Metal Casting Craft :

The Dhalua Murti Metal Casting Craft, originating from the Kashipura locality of Varanasi, has gained national recognition for its intricate and exquisite metal idols. The craftsmen in this region have mastered the art of casting idols of deities such as Maa Annapurna, Lakshmi-Ganesh, Durgaji, and Hanumanji, along with various instruments, bells, thrones, and seals for minting coins.

Varanasi’s GI Journey :

Varanasi, often referred to as the “most diverse GI city,” has witnessed a remarkable growth in the number of GI-registered products over the past nine years. Prior to 2014, only the Banaras Brocade and Sarees, and the Bhadohi Handmade Carpets from the Varanasi region had been granted the GI tag. However, this number has now soared to an impressive 34, reflecting the region’s rich cultural heritage and traditional craftsmanship.

Economic and Cultural Impact :

The GI recognition has not only provided international legal protection to India’s heritage but has also generated an annual business of approximately Rs. 30,000 crores in the Varanasi region and nearby GI-registered districts. This has directly benefited around 20 lakh people who are now legally protected for their traditional products. Additionally, new employment opportunities have emerged, and these products are rapidly reaching global markets through tourism, trade, and e-marketing initiatives.

With the technical support of the Human Welfare Association alone, a remarkable 148 GI products have been registered across 14 states, further solidifying India’s commitment to preserving and promoting its rich cultural heritage.

Correct Answer :   Third

---

Key Points :

Hindustan Zinc is now the 3rd largest silver producer globally, with highest silver annual production, up 5% y-o-y

Holds 2nd largest zinc reserves and resources globally

Industry leading production growth rate with best-ever annual metal production

Highest-ever quarterly refined metal production for Q4 FY24, up 6% sequentially

1st decile of the global zinc mines cost curve; lowest annual COP in last 3 years at US$ 1,117/MT

Quarterly Revenue up by 3% and EBITDA up by 2%

Ranked first globally in S&P Sustainability Assessment in Metals and Mining sector

Hindustan Zinc Limited (“HZL”), the leading global integrated producer of zinc, lead and silver, reported its results for the fourth quarter and full year ended March 31, 2024.

Commenting on the performance, Mr. Arun Misra, CEO, said: “FY 2023-24 has been a year of solid growth for HZL, with mined metal, refined metal, and silver recording its highest historic production levels, supported by a backdrop of fatality-free operations. As part of our strategy, it was driven by our increased focus on silver & metal production and cost optimisation. The company withstood the market headwinds during the year, ensuring preservation of margins and shareholder value. Fuelled by our robust silver maximisation strategy, I am thrilled to announce that HZL has now become the 3rd largest silver producer globally. Additionally, during the quarter, HZL also incorporated ‘Hindmetal Exploration Services Private Limited’, as a wholly owned subsidiary, with an objective to explore, discover, develop and tap mineral resources aligning with the national focus and vision.

Our commitment on the sustainability efforts remains robust. I am happy to share that our renewable energy (RE) power delivery agreement of 450 MW is advancing well and the first flow of RE power is now preponed and expected to begin in April’24, contributing to our journey towards achieving net zero targets. Our company has been awarded the CII National HR Excellence Award underscoring our exemplary people practices. With the full implementation of commissioned projects, HZL is poised for another exceptional year ahead.”

Mr. Sandeep Modi, CFO, said : “Despite the plunging metal prices, HZL has consistently sustained its margin at a steady 47% by recording its fifth consecutive quarter of sustained cost reduction, clocking the lowest cost in last 3 years. This demonstrates the effectiveness of our agile decision-making strategy, with instances such as maximization of silver production leveraging the soaring silver prices, power plant modifications ensuring better linkage coal consumption thereby lowering the power costs along with operational & commercial efficiencies. I firmly believe that the challenges encountered throughout the year have strengthened our resilience and fortitude, propelling us to strive for even greater performance in the upcoming year towards our aspired annual targets and strong balance sheet.”.

Source : HZ India

Correct Answer :   $29.12

---

India’s electronics industry experienced a notable surge in exports, reaching $29.12 billion in fiscal year 2023-24, a substantial 23.6% increase from the previous year. This growth is particularly significant amid an overall contraction of the country’s total exports by 3%.

Top Export Markets :

Commerce department officials identified the United States, United Arab Emirates, Netherlands, United Kingdom, and Italy as the top five export markets for Indian electronics goods.

Expansion into New Markets :

During FY24, Indian electronics exports expanded into new markets such as Montenegro, Cayman Islands, El Salvador, Turkmenistan, Mongolia, Honduras, and St. Vincent, reflecting India’s increasing presence and diversification in the global market.

Implications for India’s Electronics Industry :

This impressive growth not only signifies India’s strengthening position in the global electronics market but also underscores the potential for further expansion into new and emerging markets. The diversification of export destinations showcases India’s commitment to embracing new opportunities and enhancing its global trade footprint.

Correct Answer :   Uzbekistan

---

Chief of the Army Staff, General Manoj Pande inaugurated a high-tech IT Laboratory, at the Academy of Armed Forces in Uzbekistan on 17th April 2024. The Lab has been established with Indian assistance.

The development is in accordance with the commitment made by India and Uzbekistan to build an IT laboratory, during the Defense Ministers meeting in September 2018.

The Lab, equipped with state-of-the-art technology, is expected to enrich the training resources available to Uzbek armed forces and foster a deeper understanding and cooperation between India and Uzbekistan.
 
Earlier yesterday, General Pande interacted with First Deputy Minister of Defence, Major General Khalmukhamedov Shukhrat Gayratjanovich to discuss aspects of strengthening military cooperation between both the Armies. Thereafter, General Pande visited the Armed Forces Museum, Tashkent, which displays Military exhibits belonging to different historical epochs of Uzbekistan.
 
General Pande is on a four-day visit to Uzbekistan, from April 15 to 18, 2024..

Source : AIR

Correct Answer :   Lucknow

---

The district of Lucknow in Uttar Pradesh is known as the Mango City. Lucknow boasts extensive mango cultivation and prominent varieties of mangoes grown here.

Uttar Pradesh, the fourth-largest state in India, boasts vast expanses of land spanning 240,928 square kilometers. It holds the distinction of being the most populous state in the country, with a population exceeding 199 million as of the 2011 census. Each district within Uttar Pradesh has its own unique cultural heritage, contributing to the state’s diverse tapestry.

Uttar Pradesh State :

Formerly known as the United Provinces, Uttar Pradesh acquired its current name upon India’s independence. Established on January 24, 1950, the state celebrates Uttar Pradesh Day annually on the same date. With a total of 75 districts organized into 18 divisions, Uttar Pradesh also comprises 822 community development blocks, 351 tehsils, and 17 municipal corporations.

Largest and Smallest Districts of Uttar Pradesh :

Lakhimpur Kheri holds the title of the largest district in Uttar Pradesh, sprawling across 7,680 square kilometers, while Hapur claims the distinction of being the smallest district, covering an area of 660 square kilometers. Among its extremities, Ballia stands as the easternmost district, Saharanpur as the northernmost, Sonbhadra as the southernmost, and Shamli as the westernmost.

Which District of Uttar Pradesh is Known as Mango City?

The district of Lucknow in Uttar Pradesh is known as the Mango City. Renowned for its extensive mango cultivation, Lucknow boasts varieties like Lucknow Safeda, Chausa, Langra, and Ramkela, alongside the famous Dussehri mangoes. Its rich orchards and thriving mango industry have earned Lucknow the title of the Mango City, reflecting its agricultural prominence and cultural heritage.

Why is Lucknow known as “Mango City”?

Lucknow boasts extensive mango cultivation. Some of the prominent varieties of mangoes grown here include Lucknow Safeda, Lucknow Chausa, Lucknow Langra, and Ramkela. Additionally, Lucknow is renowned for its Dussehri mangoes. The abundance and variety of mangoes in this city have earned it the moniker of the Mango City.

Correct Answer :   Dinesh Kumar Tripathi

---

The Government of India has appointed Vice Admiral Dinesh Kumar Tripathi, PVSM, AVSM, NM, currently serving as the Vice Chief of the Naval Staff, as the next Chief of the Naval Staff with effect from the afternoon of April 30, 2024. He will succeed the present Chief of the Naval Staff, Admiral R Hari Kumar, PVSM, AVSM, VSM, who retires from service on the same day.

A Decorated Officer with Diverse Operational Experience :

Born on May 15, 1964, Vice Admiral Tripathi was commissioned into the Executive Branch of the Indian Navy on July 01, 1985. A Communication and Electronic Warfare specialist, he has had a distinguished career spanning nearly 39 years. Prior to taking over as the Vice Chief of the Naval Staff, he served as the Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief, Western Naval Command.

Vice Admiral Tripathi has commanded several Indian Naval Ships, including Vinash, Kirch, and Trishul. He has held various crucial operational and staff appointments, such as Fleet Operations Officer of the Western Fleet, Director of Naval Operations, Principal Director, Network Centric Operations, and Principal Director, Naval Plans at New Delhi.

Diverse Experiences and Strategic Roles :

As a Rear Admiral, he served as the Assistant Chief of Naval Staff (Policy and Plans) and the Flag Officer Commanding Eastern Fleet. In the rank of Vice Admiral, he has served as Commandant of the Indian Naval Academy, Ezhimala, Director General of Naval Operations, Chief of Personnel, and Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief, Western Naval Command.

Accomplished Academic and Professional Training :

An alumnus of Sainik School, Rewa, and National Defence Academy, Khadakwasla, Vice Admiral Tripathi has undergone courses at the Defence Services Staff College, Wellington, Naval Higher Command Course, Karanja, and Naval Command College at the United States Naval War College, USA.

With his extensive experience, strategic vision, and proven leadership abilities, Vice Admiral Dinesh Kumar Tripathi is poised to lead the Indian Navy towards continued excellence and preparedness in safeguarding the nation’s maritime interests.

Correct Answer :   Ambuja Cements

---

The Adani family recently infused ?8,339 crore into Ambuja Cements Ltd., increasing their stake to 70.3%.

This investment is part of a larger strategy to strengthen Ambuja's growth and market position, reflecting the Adani Group's strategic focus on the cement industry.

Correct Answer :   Hyderabad International Airport

---

GMR Hyderabad International Airport Ltd (GHIAL) has been honored with the ‘Best Airport Staff in India & South Asia 2024’ award by Skytrax. The announcement took place during the Passenger Terminal EXPO 2024 in Frankfurt, Germany, on April 17, 2024. This accolade underscores the exceptional quality of service provided by the airport’s staff across various fronts, as evaluated through meticulous audits and assessments.

Criteria for Recognition :

The award is a testament to the commendable performance of the airport’s staff, who excel in attitude, friendliness, and efficiency across all customer-facing roles. These roles encompass customer help and information counters, immigration and security personnel, as well as staff in shops and food & beverage outlets. The recognition underscores the dedication and professionalism exhibited by the airport’s team in enhancing the overall passenger experience.

Skytrax Evaluation Process :

Skytrax, a globally renowned air transport rating organization with a legacy dating back to 1989, conducts comprehensive assessments of airports and airlines worldwide. Utilizing a star rating system ranging from 1 to 5 stars, Skytrax evaluates diverse aspects that significantly impact the passenger journey. This recognition by Skytrax reaffirms GMR Hyderabad International Airport’s commitment to excellence in customer service and operational standards.

Correct Answer :   18 April

---

World Heritage Day, also known as the International Day for Monuments and Sites, is observed annually on April 18. This year, the special day falls on Thursday, April 18, 2024. The observance of this day aims to raise awareness about the diversity and importance of the world’s cultural heritage, and the need to protect and preserve it for future generations.

Theme: "Disasters & Conflicts Through the Lens of the Venice Charter"

Since 1983, the International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS) has set a theme around which events and activities are centered on World Heritage Day. For 2024, the theme is “Disasters & Conflicts Through the Lens of the Venice Charter”. This theme highlights the challenges and threats that heritage sites and monuments face, ranging from natural disasters to human-induced conflicts, and the importance of the principles and guidelines outlined in the Venice Charter for their protection and conservation.

History and Origins :

The idea of observing World Heritage Day was first proposed by ICOMOS in 1982, and the proposal was approved at UNESCO’s General Conference the following year. Since then, April 18 has been designated as the day to celebrate and raise awareness about the world’s cultural heritage.

The observance of World Heritage Day is a testament to the global recognition of the importance of preserving and protecting our shared cultural legacy. It serves as a reminder that the world’s heritage sites and monuments are not just local or national treasures, but rather, they are part of the common heritage of humanity.

Significance and Importance :

Our cultural heritage is a significant part of our identity as individuals, communities, and nations. It reflects our rich traditions, histories, and the creative expressions of our ancestors. Heritage sites and monuments are not just physical structures; they serve as portals to the past, allowing us to connect with our shared history and traditions.

However, these heritage sites and monuments are often vulnerable to various threats, including natural disasters, human-induced conflicts, and the pressures of urbanization and development. World Heritage Day serves as a platform to raise awareness about the need to protect and preserve these invaluable assets for present and future generations.

India’s Rich Cultural Heritage :

India is home to a vast and diverse cultural heritage, with a total of 3,691 monuments and sites recognized as significant. Of these, 40 are designated as UNESCO World Heritage Sites, each with its own unique history, architectural style, and cultural significance.

Some of the most iconic and well-known heritage sites in India include :

Taj Mahal : A magnificent mausoleum built in the 17th century by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan, the Taj Mahal is a testament to the architectural and artistic genius of India’s past.

Red Fort : Located in the heart of Delhi, the Red Fort is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that symbolizes the power and grandeur of the Mughal Empire.

Qutub Minar : This towering minaret, standing at 73 meters tall, is the tallest brick minaret in the world and a stunning example of Indo-Islamic architecture.

Humayun’s Tomb : This impressive mausoleum, built in the 16th century, is a fine example of Mughal architecture and a precursor to the more famous Taj Mahal.

Temples at Hampi : The ruins of the ancient city of Hampi, once the capital of the Vijayanagar Empire, are a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a testament to the architectural and cultural achievements of medieval India.

Sanchi Stupa : This ancient Buddhist monument, dating back to the 3rd century BCE, is a remarkable example of the artistic and spiritual traditions of ancient India.

These are just a few of the many heritage sites and monuments that can be found across India, each with its own unique history, cultural significance, and architectural beauty.

Correct Answer :   Indian Institute of Astrophysics

---

The project ‘Surya Tilak’, which produced the illumination of the Ram Lalla idol’s forehead on Ram Navami, was designed by a team of the Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA) in Bengaluru. The preliminary project design was implemented with four mirrors and two lenses, and the final design will have four mirrors and four lenses.

Abhay Karandikar, the Department of Science and Technology secretary, said that the ritual would be repeated every year. In an X post, Abhay wrote, “Indian Institute of Astrophysics @IIABengaluru, an autonomous body under @IndiaDST, has played a crucial role in the #SuryaTilak Project at #Ayodhya. Sunlight was directed onto the forehead of Sri Ram Lalla at 12 noon on April 17, 2024, on the occasion of Sri #RamNavami in the Chaitra month, and this ritual will be repeated every year.”

Indian Institute of Astrophysics @IIABengaluru, an autonomous body under @IndiaDST, has played a crucial role in the #SuryaTilak Project at #Ayodhya. Sunlight was directed onto the forehead of Sri Ram Lalla at 12 noon on April 17, 2024, on the occasion of Sri #RamNavami in the… pic.twitter.com/NgwxxVtWOC

— Abhay Karandikar (@karandi65) April 17, 2024