Correct Answer : Option (D) - Turkey

With Turkey still counting its death toll and struggling to come to terms with the scale of the tragedy, the 2,000-year-old Roman-era "Gaziantep Castle", a historic site and tourist attraction in Turkiye has suffered massive damages.

The Gaziantep Castle, located in the heart of the city faced the wrath of earthquake that struck in the early hours of February 06, 2023.

About Gaziantep Castle :

* It is located on a hilltop in southern Turkey’s city of Gaziantep.

* It is a UNESCO World Heritage site.

* It was first built by the Hittite Empire as an observation point and later built into a main castle by the Roman Empire in the 2nd and 3rd century AD.

* The castle underwent further expansion and renovation under the Byzantine emperor Justinianus (called the "Architect of Castles") between 527 and 565 AD.

* The Ottomans repaired the castle over time, but it got a second full overhaul by Egyptian Sultan Qaitbay in 1481.

* The castle took its final shape in 2000 and has been renovated many times.

Features :

* The castle has the shape of an irregular circle.

* It has 12 towers that house living quarters for soldiers and various other chambers such as stables, prison cells, storerooms for treasure troves, or barracks for troops.

* The walls are made from stone and span 1200 meters in circumference.

Source : Times of India

Correct Answer : Option (A) - Japan

Correct Answer : Option (C) - Lagrangian point

Lagrange point is position in space where combined gravitational forces of two large bodies, such as Earth and sun or Earth and moon, equal centrifugal force felt by a much smaller third body. The interaction of these forces creates point of equilibrium where spacecraft may be “parked” to make observation. These points are named after Joseph-Louis Lagrange, an 18th-century mathematician. There are 5 such points between earth and sun namely – L1, L2, L3, L4 and L5. In these orbits, the satellite requires very little energy to maintain its orbit and it will not be eclipsed from the sun

Correct Answer : Option (A) - Seismology

Seismology is the study of earthquakes and the structure of the earth, by both naturally and artificially generated seismic waves.

Correct Answer : Option (B) - Ait

Ait is a small island formed due to the deposition of sediments in water. The river islands found on river Thames and its tributaries in England are called as Aits.

Correct Answer : Option (D) - Dimensions

The Vernier caliper has a main scale and a sliding vernier scale which can measure nearest to 0.02 mm. It can be used to measure internal and the external dimensions of an object by using the smaller jaws at the top and the main jaws respectively. By using stems depth can be measured.

Correct Answer : Option (D) - Laurasia

According to Wegener, the supercontinent Pangaea broke into two land mass – Laurasia which is to the north of the Sea of Tethys and Gondwanaland which is to the south of Sea of Tethys.

Correct Answer : Option (C) - Hoodoo

Hoodoo is an erosion landform mainly found in the desert areas. They generally form with sedimentary and volcanic rock formations. A hoodoo is a thin, tall spire of rock protruding from the bottom of a badland. It is also called as a tent rock, fair chimney or earth pyramid.

Correct Answer : Option (A) - January 4

The point in the orbit where the planet is closest to the Sun is called “perihelion”. The point where the planet is farthest from the Sun is called “aphelion”.

Correct Answer : Option (B) - Coral Triangle

The Coral Triangle is also called the “Amazon of the Seas”. It is a triangular area of the tropical marine waters of Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Islands and Timor-Leste. It is a global centre of marine Biodiversity.