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Space - General Knowledge Questions
A)
5 locations
B)
8 locations
C)
10 locations
D)
13 locations

Correct Answer : Option (D) - 13 locations

NASA, on 19th August 2022, announced that it has identified 13 locations on the Moon where astronauts would land during the Artemis III mission later this decade. Each of these locations contains multiple landing sites and all of them are near the lunar south pole. 
 
According to the agency, each region is approximately 9.3 by 9.3 miles (15 by 15 kilometers) and the landing sites within those regions have an approximate radius of 328 feet (100 meters).
 
The identified candidate regions for landing of astronauts are :
 
* Faustini Rim A
* Peak Near Shackleton
* Connecting Ridge
* Connecting Ridge Extension
* de Gerlache Rim 1
* de Gerlache Rim 2
* de Gerlache-Kocher Massif
* Haworth
* Malapert Massif
* Leibnitz Beta Plateau
* Nobile Rim 1
* Nobile Rim 2
* Amundsen Rim

Source : Republic World

A)
HAL
B)
DRDO
C)
Bharat Electronics
D)
National Aerospace Laboratories

Correct Answer : Option (A) - HAL

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has showcased two space equipment built by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL), to be used in the first unmanned development launch of India’s manned space mission, Gaganyaan. Announced by the Indian central space agency earlier today, this is the second crew module fairing (CMF) that ISRO has taken delivery of for Gaganyaan.
 
The CMF is a protective structure that surrounds the actual housing for India’s to-be space scientists, built to withstand extreme conditions of heat, pressure and atmospheric friction. The structure will be tasked with keeping astronauts safe during the egress, ingress and landing procedures of the Gaganyaan mission.
 
Unnikrishnan Nair, director of ISRO’s Vikram Sarabhai Space Center (VSSC), took delivery of the CMF structure, as well as a high-altitude escape motor Thrust-transfer Structure (HTS). The latter will be tasked with firing an escape motor to keep humans aboard the mission safe, and work towards transferring the requisite engine power to a crew escape module — in case of failure of any equipment aboard ISRO’s mission.
 
HAL and ISRO Highlights : 
* According to sources, ISRO received the CMF structure, which included the thrust-transfer structure for the high-altitude escape motor (HTS).

* It should be emphasised that the HTS will be crucial in triggering an escape motor. Throughout the mission, this technology will keep the astronauts secure. In the event that a mission fails, the motor will aid in transferring engine power to the crew escape module.

* A CMF structure from Bengaluru-based Alpha Design Technology Limited was delivered to ISRO in June.

* The CMF that ISRO received from HAL will be used during the first experiment, even though both of these CMFs will be employed in some capacity.


About Gaganyaan Mission : 
* Gaganyaan mission, which translates to “Sky Craft” in Sanskrit, is an Indian crewed orbital spacecraft that is meant to serve as the foundational spacecraft for the Indian Human Spaceflight Program.

* Gaganyaan mission, India’s long-delayed first human spaceflight project, will lift off in 2023.

* The Gaganyaan mission will send humans to space.

* The Gaganyaan mission would undergo a variety of testing and development flights, according to ISRO chairman S Somanath, who spoke recently following the launch of the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLVC-53 )’s mission.

Source : Mint

A)
ESA
B)
NASA
C)
ISRO
D)
Roscosmos

Correct Answer : Option (C) - ISRO

Indian Space Research Organisation(ISRO) has successfully completed the test-firing of the Low Altitude Escape Motor (LEM) of Crew Escape System from Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh on Wednesday(10th Aug 2022).

Objective : Evaluation of motor ballistic parameters; Validation of motor subsystem performance.

Low Altitude Escape Motor (LEM) :
* It is a distinctive special purpose solid rocket motor.
* It has four reverse flow nozzles.
* It generates a maximum sea level thrust of 842 kN (nominal) with a burn time of 5.98 seconds (nominal).

Source : Business Standard

A)
NASA
B)
ISRO
C)
ESA
D)
JAXA

Correct Answer : Option (B) - ISRO

'Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav' celebrations marking the 75th year of India’s Independence, the national space agency, Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), has launched an innovative platform to showcase various Indian space missions and their nuances in an interactive manner through a virtual space museum called 'SPARK'.
 
The space museum was launched for the public by ISRO Chairman S Somanath on Wednesday(10th Aug 2022). It will show documents, images and videos of various space missions.  
 
"The platform hosts several documents, images and videos related to ISRO launch vehicles, satellites and scientific missions," ISRO said in a statement..

Source : DNA India

A)
Indian rocket
B)
Russian rocket
C)
Japan rocket
D)
South Korea rocket

Correct Answer : Option (B) - Russian rocket

A Russian rocket on Tuesday(9th Aug 2022) successfully launched an Iranian satellite into orbit.
 
* The Soyuz rocket lifted off as scheduled at 8:52 a.m. Moscow time (0552 GMT) Tuesday(9th Aug 2022) from the Russia-leased Baikonur launch facility in Kazakhstan.
 
* About nine minutes after the launch, it placed the Iranian satellite called Khayyam into orbit. It's named after Omar Khayyam, a Persian scientist who lived in the 11th and 12th centuries.
 
* Iran has said the satellite fitted with high-resolution camera will be used for environmental monitoring and will remain fully under its control.
 
* Tehran said no other country will have access to information it gathers and it would be used for civilian purposes only, but there have been allegations that Russia may use it for surveillance of Ukraine amid its military action there.
 
* If it operates successfully, the satellite would give Iran the ability to monitor its archenemy Israel and other countries in the Middle East.
 
* Iranian state television aired footage of the launch live, noting that the country's telecommunications minister attended the liftoff in Kazakhstan..

Source : Business Today

A)
SSLV-D1
B)
SSLV-D2
C)
SSLV-D3
D)
SSLV-D4

Correct Answer : Option (A) - SSLV-D1

The Indian Space Research Organisation(ISRO) "Chairman S Somanath" has said that the maiden launch of the Small Satellite Launch Vehicle, SSLV failed to place the satellites in the intended orbit due to sensor anomaly. SSLV-D1-EOS 02 launched from Sriharikota launch pad had placed the satellites into 356kmX76 kms elliptical orbit instead of 356 km circular orbit
 
Due to which the two satellites remained unstable and are no longer usable. The ISRO Chairman has said the launch vehicle took off majestically at the intended time from the launch pad in Sriharikota. Its propulsion stages, overall hardware, aerodynamic design and new generation electronics, the separation system used for the first time performed very well. 
 
However after reaching an altitude of 356 kms there was a failure of logic to identify sensor failure and go for the salvage motion. Hence the launch vehicle developed an anomaly. The ISRO Chairman has said that a team of experts will go deeper to find out the reason for this isolation. He emphasised that after a small correction and revalidation, SSLV-D2 will be launched very soon..

Source : News on Air

A)
India
B)
Russia
C)
France
D)
China

Correct Answer : Option (D) - China

China successfully launched a pilot reusable spacecraft with its Long March-2F carrier rocket on Friday(5th Aug 2022),.
 
The unidentified spacecraft, which was launched from China's Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, will return to a planned landing site after operating in the orbit for some time to provide technical validations for reuses.
 
China said it made a big step towards developing reusable space transportation technology as it launched a spacecraft which returned to Earth on the same day after flying to the edge of the atmosphere in July.

Source : India Today

A)
ESA
B)
JAXA
C)
ULA
D)
SpaceX

Correct Answer : Option (C) - ULA

A United Launch Alliance (ULA) "Atlas V rocket" carrying the Space Based Infrared System Geosynchronous Earth Orbit-6 (SBIRS GEO 6) mission for the U.S. Space Force’s Space Systems Command lifted off on 4th Aug 2022 at 6:29 a.m. EDT from Space Launch Complex-41 at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station. To date ULA has launched 152 times with 100 percent mission success.  
 
"Thank you to our U.S. Space Force and industry partners for their outstanding teamwork in successfully delivering the sixth and final SBIRS satellite to orbit," said Gary Wentz, ULA vice president of Government and Commercial Programs. "We are proud of our role in supporting the warfighter by launching the entire SBIRS satellite constellation, a critical constellation of missile warning satellites that expands the U.S. military’s situational awareness on the battlefield and beyond.” 
 
“This launch marked ULA’s 95th U.S. National Space Security launch,” added Wentz. “As the Air Force is gearing up to celebrate its 75th anniversary, we are honored to have been entrusted to deliver the vast majority of our nation’s critical assets to orbit. Our customer’s missions are vital to ensuring the safety of our women and men in harm’s way serving our country.” 
 
Leveraging a legacy of 100 percent mission success launching more than 150 missions to explore, protect and enhance our world, ULA is the nation’s most experienced and reliable launch service provider with world-leading reliability, schedule confidence, and mission optimization. We deliver value unmatched by any launch services company in the industry, a tireless drive to improve, and commitment to the extraordinary..

Source : ULA Launch

A)
Japan
B)
Canada
C)
South Korea
D)
North Korea

Correct Answer : Option (C) - South Korea

South Korea’s first lunar mission blasted off from Cape Canaveral in Florida at 7.08 p.m. local time 5th Aug 2022, and is now on its way to the Moon. The successful launch of Danuri, officially known as the Korea Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter, takes the country beyond Earth’s orbit for the first time.
 
The launch was “spectacular”, says Mark Robinson, a planetary scientist at Arizona State University in Tempe, who is the principal investigator for one of Danuri’s instruments, called ShadowCam.
 
Danuri should arrive at its destination around mid-December. Its trajectory means it will take longer than most past missions to the Moon, which typically arrived in days, but will require minimal fuel.
 
About an hour after lift-off, the spacecraft detached from the Falcon 9 rocket on which it launched. The Korea Aerospace Research Institute’s control centre in Daejeon then took command and made contact with the spacecraft.
 
South Korean moon mission- Danuri is worth USD 180 million and is the country’s first step in lunar exploration. Danuri features a boxy, solar-powered satellite that has been designed to slide above 62 miles above the lunar surface..

Source : Nature
 

A)
279 million dollars
B)
286 million dollars
C)
291 million dollars
D)
298 million dollars

Correct Answer : Option (A) - 279 million dollars

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), through its commercial arms, has earned 279 million dollars in foreign exchange by launching satellites for global clients, Union Minister Jitendra Singh told the Lok Sabha on Wednesday(27th July 2022).
 
In a written reply to a question, Singh said ISRO in association with its commercial arms has successfully launched 345 foreign satellites from 34 countries on-board Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV).
 
"Total foreign exchange revenue earned through launching of foreign satellites amounts to USD 56 million (one million=10 lakhs) and 220 million Euros approximately," Singh said, without mentioning any time-frame for such launches.
 
As per current exchange rates, 220 million euros are equivalent to 223 million dollars.
 
The latest PSLV mission was on June 30 when ISRO's warhorse launch vehicle placed three Singaporean satellites into orbit.
 
PSLV-C53 mission by ISRO, successfully launched three Singapore customer satellites namely DS-EO, NeuSAR and SCOOB-1.
 
The PSLV-C53 was the second dedicated commercial mission for NewSpace India Limited (NSIL), a Central Public Sector Enterprise under administrative control of the Department of Space (DOS), Singh said..

Source : Business Standard