June - 2024 Current Affairs

Correct Answer :   New Hampshire

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New Hampshire earned its moniker, "The Granite State," due to its vast deposits of granite, which is the state's official rock.

New Hampshire, a state nestled in the heart of New England, holds a rich history deeply intertwined with the extraction and use of granite. Known affectionately as “The Granite State,” it boasts a legacy of quarrying and working with this durable and abundant rock, shaping landscapes and industries alike.

Origin of the “Granite State” Nickname :

New Hampshire earned its moniker, “The Granite State,” due to its vast deposits of granite, which is the state’s official rock. This durable and versatile stone not only defines the state’s geological makeup but also plays a significant role in its cultural and economic identity.

Legacy of Granite Quarrying :

For generations, granite quarrying was a booming industry in New Hampshire. From the 19th century through much of the 20th century, quarries across the state were abuzz with activity as workers extracted massive blocks of granite from the earth. These quarries became the lifeblood of many communities, providing employment and prosperity to countless families.

Economic Impact :

The granite industry had a profound economic impact on New Hampshire. It provided jobs for thousands of workers, from quarrymen to stonecutters to laborers. The granite extracted from these quarries was used in various construction projects, including buildings, bridges, monuments, and even curbstones. The revenue generated from the granite industry helped fuel the state’s economy and contributed to its growth and development.

Cultural Significance :

Beyond its economic importance, granite holds a special place in New Hampshire’s culture and heritage. The stone’s resilience and timeless beauty have made it a symbol of strength, permanence, and pride for the people of the Granite State. From the towering cliffs of the White Mountains to the elegant facades of historic buildings, granite has left an indelible mark on the state’s landscape and architecture.

Correct Answer :   June 13th

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June 13th marks the annual observance of International Albinism Awareness Day, a day dedicated to raising awareness about albinism – a rare, genetically inherited condition that causes a lack of pigmentation in the skin, hair, and eyes.

This year’s theme (2024), “10 years of IAAD: A decade of collective progress,” highlights the collective efforts made over the past decade to promote understanding, acceptance, and support for individuals living with albinism.

Understanding Albinism :

Albinism is a significant public health concern, affecting an estimated one in every 20,000 people worldwide. It is a non-discriminatory condition that can affect anyone, regardless of gender or ethnicity, but it is more common in individuals born with dark skin. Individuals with albinism lack melanin, the pigment responsible for skin, hair, and eye color, resulting in uncharacteristically light features.

In some countries, the majority of people with albinism succumb to skin cancer between the ages of 30 and 40 due to a lack of access to proper health care and sun protection resources. Regular health checks, sunscreen, sunglasses, and sun-protective clothing can easily prevent this cancer, but these facilities may not be available in many low-income countries.

Significance of International Albinism Awareness Day :

International Albinism Awareness Day aims to raise awareness about albinism and promote understanding and acceptance of the diversity of human skin and hair color. It emphasizes the importance of inclusion and belonging, and the need to create a more inclusive and supportive society for people with albinism.

By spreading awareness about albinism, we can help create a better world for those affected by the condition. We can help them feel more supported and accepted, and we can raise awareness about the importance of diversity and inclusion.

Activities to Observe International Albinism Awareness Day 2024

There are several ways to observe International Albinism Awareness Day and show your support for people with albinism:


By participating in these activities, you can contribute to the collective progress made over the past decade in promoting awareness, understanding, and support for individuals living with albinism.

Correct Answer :   China

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China stands at the forefront of global peanut production, holding the title of the world's largest producer.

Peanuts, also known as groundnuts, are a vital crop worldwide, serving as a significant source of nutrition and income for millions of people. With their versatility and nutritional value, peanuts have secured their place as one of the most important agricultural commodities globally. This article delves into the top peanut-producing countries, exploring their contributions to the global peanut market.

Global Peanut Production

Global peanut production reached 51.318 million metric tons (MT) in the latest report. This significant output underscores peanuts’ vital role in agriculture and food industries worldwide. With diverse applications from culinary delights to essential oils, peanuts remain a staple crop sustaining economies and nourishing populations across the globe.

Most Peanut Producing Country in the World

China stands at the forefront of global peanut production, holding the title of the world’s largest producer. In the 2022/23 season, Chinese farmers harvested a staggering 18.3 million metric tons (MT) of peanuts, marking a notable 4% increase compared to the previous five-year average. This impressive growth trajectory is fueled by robust domestic demand, which continues to soar.

Factors Driving China’s Peanut Production

Climate : China’s diverse climate provides suitable conditions for peanut cultivation, ranging from subtropical to temperate zones.
Farming Techniques : Chinese farmers employ modern agricultural practices, including mechanization, irrigation systems, and advanced crop management, optimizing yields.
Government Support : Substantial governmental support in the form of subsidies, research grants, and infrastructure development fosters a conducive environment for peanut cultivation.

Global Impact of China’s Peanut Production :

China’s dominance in peanut production significantly influences global markets and trade dynamics. The country’s surplus output enables it to meet domestic demand while also exporting substantial quantities to international markets. Chinese peanuts find their way into various industries, contributing to the global supply chain of food products, animal feed, and industrial applications.

Challenges and Opportunities :

Despite its leading position, China faces challenges in sustaining and further expanding its peanut production. These challenges include environmental concerns, water scarcity, land degradation, and labor shortages. However, with ongoing advancements in agricultural technology and sustainable practices, China also sees opportunities to address these challenges and maintain its competitive edge in peanut production.

Correct Answer :   IIT Madras

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Researchers from the Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras) and NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) are researching multidrug-resistant pathogens on the International Space Station (ISS).

The collaborative effort between IIT Madras and NASA's JPL will advance scientific knowledge and promote international partnerships.  

Correct Answer :   World Bank

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The World Bank has recently released the Container Port Performance Index (CPPI) in collaboration with S&P Global Market Intelligence.

The CPPI is based on a comprehensive dataset of 405 ports around the world, the largest dataset ever compiled.

Let us tell you that Visakhapatnam Port Authority has secured 18th position in this ranking.

Correct Answer :   Professor Devendra Lal

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Recently, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) has named three new craters located within the Tharsis volcanic region on Mars after India's science community and Indian places.

The largest crater has been named "Lal Crater" in honour of Professor Devendra Lal. The Mursan Crater is named after the Mursan town in Uttar Pradesh, India, while the Hilsa Crater is named after the Hilsa town in Bihar, India.   

Correct Answer :   Uttar Pradesh

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The largest producer of potatoes in India is Uttar Pradesh. The state’s soil and climate are particularly suitable for potato cultivation, leading to a significant production volume.

* ndia is known as an agricultural country, a fact emphasized in textbooks since childhood. A significant portion of India’s population is engaged in the primary sector, which includes agriculture. Among the various crops cultivated in India, the potato holds a prominent position. Let’s explore which state is the largest producer of potatoes in India.

Types of Crops in India :

* In India, agriculture is categorized into three types of crops: Rabi, Kharif, and Zaid. Potatoes, a staple in Indian households, fall under the Rabi crop category. This seasonal classification affects the cultivation and production patterns of potatoes across the country.

What Kind of Crop is Potato?

* Potatoes are classified as a Rabi crop, which means they are typically sown in winter. This crop is known for its higher yield compared to other crops, making it a crucial component in times of famine. Due to its resilience and productivity, the potato is often referred to as a famine-relieving crop.

Largest Potato Producing State in India :

* The largest producer of potatoes in India is Uttar Pradesh. The state’s soil and climate are particularly suitable for potato cultivation, leading to a significant production volume.

Potato Production in Uttar Pradesh :

* Uttar Pradesh accounts for approximately 30% of India’s total potato production. This substantial output supports not only the state but also supplies potatoes to various other states in India. Currently, India produces around 26 million tons of potatoes, with a significant portion coming from Uttar Pradesh.

Second Largest Potato Producing State :

* The second-largest potato-producing state in India is West Bengal. This state contributes about 24% of the total potato production in the country.

* West Bengal’s favorable climate and soil conditions make it an ideal region for potato farming. The state’s efficient agricultural practices have enabled it to secure the second position in potato production.

Third Largest Potato Producing State :

* Bihar holds the position as the third-largest potato-producing state in India, contributing approximately 18% of the country’s total potato output.

* Bihar’s agricultural landscape supports extensive potato cultivation, making it a significant player in India’s potato industry. The state’s focus on enhancing agricultural techniques and increasing productivity has led to a steady rise in its potato production over the years.

Correct Answer :   Prem Prabhakar

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SBICAP Ventures Limited (SVL) has named Prem Prabhakar as its new Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer, effective from June 4, 2024. With over 24 years of extensive banking experience, Prabhakar joins SVL from State Bank of India (SBI), where he held various senior roles including General Manager and Chief Dealer. His expertise in treasury operations and strategic leadership will guide SVL in achieving its growth objectives and enhancing investor relations.

Prem Prabhakar’s Background and Expertise :

Prior to his appointment as MD and CEO of SVL, Prem Prabhakar served as General Manager at State Bank of India, overseeing retail business operations and leading treasury functions at SBI Global Markets and SBI New York. He brings a wealth of experience in forex, money markets, derivatives, and risk management, complemented by his tenure as Director on the board of the Regional Rural Bank, Jharkhand Rajya Gramin Bank.

SVL’s Commitment and Latest Developments :

SVL, a part of the SBI Group, manages approximately INR 32,500 Cr (USD 3.9 bn) in assets and specializes in alternative asset management. The firm recently launched the TDC Fund in April 2024, expanding its portfolio which includes the Neev Fund, Neev II (SVL-SME Fund), SWAMIH Fund, and Fund of Funds (SRI Fund, UKIDCF, and TDC Fund). SVL remains dedicated to creating long-term value for investors and supporting communities through strategic investments and operational excellence.

Correct Answer :   Banda

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Kalinjar Fort is situated in the Banda district of Uttar Pradesh. This historic fortress, perched atop the Kalinjar hill, is renowned for its architectural splendor and religious significance.

Uttar Pradesh, renowned for its diverse culture and unique traditions, is also home to some of India’s most renowned historical sites. With a total area spanning 240,928 square kilometers, it stands as the fourth-largest state in India. Additionally, it holds the distinction of being the most populous state in the country, with a population exceeding 240 million as of recent estimates.

Historical Significance of Uttar Pradesh :

The state boasts a rich tapestry of historical landmarks spread across its various districts, attracting a significant influx of tourists daily. Amidst these, Kalinjar Fort stands out as a testament to the grandeur of ancient architecture and the resilience of past civilizations.

District of Uttar Pradesh Related to Kalinjar Fort :

Kalinjar Fort is situated in the Banda district of Uttar Pradesh. This historic fortress, perched atop the Kalinjar hill, is renowned for its architectural splendor and religious significance. As a testament to the region’s rich heritage, the fort has attracted visitors for centuries, offering a glimpse into the glorious past of the Chandela dynasty and its enduring legacy in the heart of Uttar Pradesh.

Architectural Marvels of Kalinjar Fort :

The fort, constructed during the reign of the Chandela rulers, showcases exquisite examples of medieval architecture and artistic finesse. Its sprawling complex encompasses majestic palaces and intricately designed structures, captivating visitors with their detailed craftsmanship.

Religious Significance of Kalinjar Fort :

Kalinjar Fort is revered as a sacred site associated with Hindu mythology, particularly as a residence of Lord Shiva. The presence of the unique Neelkanth Temple within the fortress adds to its religious significance, drawing pilgrims and devotees from far and wide.

Historical Conquests and Legacy

* Throughout its tumultuous history, Kalinjar Fort witnessed numerous invasions by prominent rulers such as Mahmud of Ghazni, Qutb-ud-din Aibak, and Humayun, who sought to conquer its impregnable walls. However, it remained unconquered until Emperor Akbar finally claimed victory in 1569 AD and presented it as a gift to his trusted advisor, Birbal.

* Subsequently, the fort came under the control of the Bundela Rajputs, followed by Hardev Shah of Panna, and eventually fell into the hands of the British in 1812 AD.

Correct Answer :   Uttar Pradesh

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A new tiger reserve will soon be established in Uttar Pradesh, following evidence of tiger population in the Suhelwa Wildlife Sanctuary (SWS), which covers the districts of Balrampur, Shravasti, and Gonda.

* The announcement was made during the 10th anniversary celebration of the Pilibhit Tiger Reserve (PTR) on Sunday (9th June 2024). Manoj Kumar Singh, the additional chief secretary of environment, forest, and climate change, said the state’s fifth tiger reserve — after Pilibhit, Amangarh, Ranipur and Bijnor — will soon be notified.

* SWS is spread across 452sqkm, with 232sqkm designated as the core area and 220sqkm as the buffer zone. The Centre’s report on the tiger census, released last April, confirmed photographic proof of tigers in Suhelwa for the first time.

* “A new tiger reserve can be declared by the state only after receiving approval from the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA). We are working on the proposal to be first sent to the state govt and then to the NTCA,” Sanjay Srivastav, the principal chief conservator of forests (wildlife) for UP, said.

* Singh also addressed the staffing gaps at PTR, adding that these would soon be filled. Referring to the situation in Bijnor, he said that the growing tiger population had driven leopards into rural and urban areas, causing conflict. “The authorities will resolve it soon,” he said. “We have set a target to establish chain link fencing over a 90km stretch this year, primarily to resolve issues related to leopards straying,” he added. Singh praised the eco-tourism management at Chuka in PTR, highlighting a recent report that showed Pilibhit had the highest number of tiger sightings during safaris.

* Sudhir Kumar Sharma, the principal chief conservator of forests (HoFF) for UP, said 1,300 new forest inspectors would be recruited this year to address the shortage of field forest personnel. “To ensure better management, we are working on a public-private partnership programme to be launched as a pilot project. This will address various gaps, including financial ones,” he added.

* Chhattisgarh's Udanti Sitanadi Tiger Reserve launches a project using remote sensing and drone mapping to monitor the Indravati-Sitanadi-Udanti-Sunabeda Tiger Corridor.

* On World Environment Day, Pilibhit district agriculture department introduced a plan to conserve sub-soil water depleted by summer paddy cultivation.

* Tamil Nadu forest department released a female elephant into the Marudhamalai reserve forest after four days of treatment, hoping it would reunite with its three-month-old calf..

Source : India Times