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Django Interview Questions
Django is a web development framework that was developed in a fast-paced newsroom. It is a free and open-source framework that was  named after Django Reinhardt who was a jazz guitarist from the 1930s. Django is maintained by a non-profit organization called the Django Software Foundation. The main goal of Django is to enable Web Development quickly and with ease.
Programmers like Django mostly for its convenient features like :
 
* Optimized for SEO
* Extremely fast
* A loaded framework that features authentications, content administrations and RSS feeds
* Exceptionally scalable to meet the heaviest traffic demand
* Highly secure
* Versatility, enabling you to create many different types of websites
Web developers use Django because it :
 
* Allows code modules to be divided into logical groups, making them flexible to change
* Provides an auto-generated web admin module to ease website administration
* Provides a pre-packaged API for common user tasks
* Enables developers to define a given function’s URL
* Allows users to separate business logic from the HTML
* Is written in Python, one of the most popular programming languages available today
* Gives you a system to define the HTML template for your web page, avoiding code duplication
Features available in Django are :
 
* Admin Interface (CRUD)
* Templating
* Form handling
* Internationalization
* Session, user management, role-based permissions
* Object-relational mapping (ORM)
* Testing Framework
* Fantastic Documentation
Django is based on MVT architecture. It contains the following layers :
 
Models : It describes the database schema and data structure.
 
Views : The view layer is a user interface. It controls what a user sees, the view retrieves data from appropriate models and execute any calculation made to the data and pass it to the template.
 
Templates : It determines how the user sees it. It describes how the data received from the views should be changed or formatted for display on the page.
 
Controller : Controller is the heart of the system. It handles requests and responses, setting up database connections and loading add-ons. It specifies the Django framework and URL parsing.
Django Admin is the preloaded interface made to fulfill the need of web developers as they won’t need to make another admin panel which is time-consuming and expensive.
 
Django Admin is application imported from django.contrib packages.
 
It is meant to be operated by the organization itself and therefore doesn’t need the extensive frontend.
 
Django’s Admin interface has its own user authentication and most of the general features.
 
It also offers lots of advanced features like authorization access, managing different models, CMS (Content Management System), etc.
Templates are an integral part of the Django MVT architecture. They generally comprise HTML, CSS, and js in which dynamic variables and information are embedded with the help of views. Some constructs are recognized and interpreted by the template engine. The main ones are variables and tags.
 
A template is rendered with a context. Rendering just replaces variables with their values, present in the context, and processes tags. Everything else remains as it is.
 
The syntax of the Django template language includes the following four constructs :
 
* Variables
* Tags
* Filters
* Comments

To read more about templates you can refer to this : https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/topics/templates/
A view function, or “view” for short, is simply a Python function that takes a web request and returns a web response. This response can be HTML contents of a web page, or a redirect, or a 404 error, or an XML document, or an image, etc. 
 
Example :
from django.http import HttpResponse
def sample_function(request):
 return HttpResponse(“Welcome to Django”)

 

There are two types of views :
 
Function-Based Views : In this, we import our view as a function.
Class-based Views : It’s an object-oriented approach.
To check for the version of Django installed on your system, you can open the command prompt and enter the following command :
 
python -m django –version

You can also try to import Django and use the get_version() method as follows :
import django
print(django.get_version())
Django comes with a default database which is SQLite. To connect your project to this database, use the following commands :
 
* python manage.py migrate (migrate command looks at the INSTALLED_APPS settings and creates database tables accordingly)
* python manage.py makemigrations (tells Django you have created/ changed your models)
* python manage.py sqlmigrate (sqlmigrate takes the migration names and returns their SQL)