May - 2024 Current Affairs

Correct Answer :   Iran

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India and Iran have signed a 10-year bilateral contract aimed at enhancing the operations of Chabahar Port.

This decision underlines India's strategic interests in Central Asia and parts of Europe. Chabahar Port is a port in Chabahar, located in southeastern Iran, on the Gulf of Oman.

Correct Answer :   Netherlands

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Rotterdam (Netherlands), 14 May 2024 (IANS) India has set up one of the largest pavilions at the World Hydrogen Summit 2024, being held here, to showcase the country’s progress in the field of Green Hydrogen.

The India Pavilion, set up by the Ministry of New & Renewable Energy is at the Summit and has been inaugurated by Secretary, Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, Bhupinder S. Bhalla on May 12.

The World Hydrogen Summit, being held in Rotterdam in Netherlands from May 13 to 15, is a prestigious event in the global green hydrogen ecosystem. Around 15,000 delegates from around the world are attending the Summit.

The Indian delegation headed by Bhalla also comprises officials from the Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Railways, Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas and from private sector companies as well.

In addition to various government-government interactions, the summit provides a platform for Indian industry to engage with companies from around the globe.

India launched its National Green Hydrogen Mission in January 2023 with an overall outlay of Rs 19,744 crore and has set an ambitious target to achieve a green hydrogen production capacity of 5 million metric tonnes by end of 2030. Till date, the Ministry of New & Renewable Energy has awarded tenders for setting up of 412,000 tonnes of Green Hydrogen production capacity and 1,500 MW of electrolyser manufacturing capacity.

India has also notified scheme guidelines for use of Green Hydrogen in steel, transport/mobility and shipping sectors. The Department of Science and Technology has initiated Hydrogen Valley Innovation Clusters to foster innovation and promote Green Hydrogen ecosystem in India.

A dedicated portal for the National Green Hydrogen Mission has been launched recently, to serve as a one-stop location for information on the Mission and steps taken for the development of the green hydrogen ecosystem in India. The portal can be accessed here:https://nghm.mnre.gov.in/

Correct Answer :   Mahindra & Mahindra

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Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd to conduct two Pilot Projects under the Drone Didi Yojana. The event, attended by Secretary Shri Atul Kumar Tiwari, and Group CEO & MD of Mahindra Group Dr. Anish Shah, marks a crucial collaboration aimed at creating new livelihood opportunities for women in agriculture through drone technology.

Drone Didi Mission :

Launched earlier this year, the Drone Didi Yojana aims to train 15,000 women to operate drones for various agricultural purposes, including fertilizing crops, monitoring crop growth, and planting seeds. By imparting skills in new technology areas, the scheme seeks to empower women and enable their participation in the workforce, thereby contributing to the nation’s socio-economic development.

Pioneering Projects in Noida and Hyderabad under Dron Didi Yojna :

The pilot projects under the Drone Didi Yojana are slated to equip 500 rural women farmers with the expertise to operate drones effectively for agricultural purposes. These projects will be hosted at the National Skill Training Institute (NSTI) facilities in Noida and Hyderabad. Leveraging Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd.’s extensive experience in the agriculture sector, the training will encompass essential skills such as drone operation, data analysis, and maintenance.

Strategic Partnership for Comprehensive Training :

Speaking at the event, Shri Atul Kumar Tiwari highlighted the agricultural expertise of Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd and emphasized how it will be leveraged through comprehensive training under the Drone Didi program. He announced that two centers of the National Skill Training Institute (NSTI) located in Hyderabad and Noida have been selected for the Pilot Projects, with a focus on empowering rural women in agriculture. This collaboration underscores the Ministry’s vision of equipping women with the skills necessary for nation-building.

Empowering Through Collaboration :

Shri Tiwari emphasized that this partnership with Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd represents the beginning of many collaborative projects aimed at upskilling women. Through rigorous training methodologies and hands-on learning experiences, the initiative aims to equip women with practical skills and competencies required to excel in their chosen fields and contribute meaningfully to the nation’s socio-economic growth.

Commitment to Empowerment and Innovation :

Dr. Anish Shah reiterated Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd’s commitment to empowering women with the skills needed to join the workforce and achieve financial independence. He emphasized that the Pilot Projects under the Drone Didi Yojana represent a pioneering convergence of women, farming, and technology, aligning with the company’s Rise philosophy.

Supporting Infrastructure and Training :

Mahindra Group will provide initial set-up support, including simulation machinery/drones, simulator controllers, desktop computers, and trainers, along with meeting the operating costs for the duration of the Pilot Projects. NSTIs will facilitate infrastructure for running the training programs, hostel facilities for participants, and mobilize participation through local Women Self Help Groups and NGOs.

Future Expansion and Rollout :

As part of their commitment to the Drone Didi Yojana, Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd will soon introduce drone training for women at their skilling centers in Zaheerabad, Telangana, and Nagpur, Maharashtra, further bolstering the initiative’s reach and impact.

Correct Answer :   15-Mw

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Bhilai Steel Plant (BSP), a key unit of the Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL) situated in Chhattisgarh, is set to inaugurate the state’s premier floating solar project. This venture marks a pivotal moment in Chhattisgarh’s journey towards renewable energy and underscores BSP’s commitment to reducing its carbon footprint while promoting eco-friendly initiatives.

Floating Solar Project Overview :

The ambitious project, spearheaded by BSP, will see the installation of a 15 MW capacity floating solar plant within the expansive Maroda-1 reservoir located in Durg district. This reservoir, sprawling across 2.1 square kilometers with a water storage capacity of 19 cubic millimeters (MM3), not only caters to the water needs of the plant but also supports the adjoining township.

Partnership and Implementation :

Collaborating with NTPC-SAIL Power Supply Company Limited (NSPCL), a joint venture between National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC) and SAIL, BSP aims to leverage expertise and resources to bring the project to fruition. NTPC, serving as the consultant for the initiative, facilitated the tender process which commenced in January. With the tender process now complete, the Engineering, Procurement, and Construction Contract (EPC) is poised to be awarded shortly, marking a significant milestone in the project’s timeline.

Environmental Impact and Green Energy Generation :

Upon completion, the floating solar plant is anticipated to generate approximately 34.26 million units of green power annually. This renewable energy will be utilized as captive power by Bhilai Steel Plant, effectively contributing to its sustainability goals. Notably, the project is projected to mitigate BSP’s carbon footprint by an estimated 28,330 tonnes annually, underscoring its pivotal role in fostering environmental stewardship.

Future Prospects :

The inaugural solar project by NSPCL heralds the advent of a promising era in green energy initiatives, poised to augment SAIL’s endeavors towards green steel production. Looking ahead, BSP envisions further expansion in its renewable energy portfolio, with plans underway for an additional 35 MW solar power plant through NSPCL. With the Detailed Project Report (DPR) already prepared, the tender process for this ambitious endeavor is slated to commence imminently, signaling BSP’s steadfast commitment to sustainable development.

Correct Answer :   4.83%

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India’s retail inflation has eased marginally to touch an 11-month low of 4.83 per cent on an annual basis in April, according to government data released on Monday. This slight dip from the previous month’s figure of 4.85 per cent aligns closely with the projections of a Reuters poll of 44 economists, who estimated the number to come down to 4.80 per cent. Importantly, this figure falls within the Reserve Bank of India’s (RBI) tolerance band of 2-6 per cent.

Food Basket Inflation Remains Elevated :

Despite the overall moderation in inflation, the inflation rate in the food basket grew at 8.7 per cent in April, up from 8.52 per cent in March, as per data from the National Statistical Office (NSO). Notably, India’s vegetable inflation slightly decreased to 27.80 per cent year-on-year compared to 28.30 per cent in March. However, inflation rates for cereals and pulses, crucial components of India’s staple diet, remained elevated at 8.63 per cent and 16.84 per cent, respectively.

Contractions in Fuel and Light Inflation :

In contrast to the food sector, the inflation rate for fuel and light witnessed a contraction of (-)4.24 per cent in April, reflecting a downward trend in energy prices.

Inflation Trends Across Various Commodities :

Among the top five groups, the year-on-year inflation in categories like ‘Clothing & Footwear’, ‘Housing’, and ‘Fuel & Light’ has decreased since the previous month. Specifically, the inflation rates for clothing & footwear and the housing sector stood at 2.85 per cent and 2.68 per cent, respectively.

RBI Governor’s Insights: Inflation as the “Elephant in the Room” :

Reserve Bank of India (RBI) Governor Shaktikanta Das, while unveiling the outcomes of the first bimonthly Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) meeting of FY25, emphasized inflation as a prominent challenge, describing it as “the elephant in the room.” Governor Das expressed cautious optimism, noting that inflation appears to be reverting to the desirable threshold of 4 per cent.

Governor Das highlighted the downward trajectory of inflation, attributing it to favorable base effects. However, he acknowledged the persistent pressure from service prices, which has kept the key indicator at a heightened level compared to the stipulated targets.

Persistent Uncertainties in Inflation Dynamics :

Despite the recent decline, inflation remains subject to uncertainties, particularly regarding food prices. The erratic movement in food prices continues to contribute to inflation uncertainties, with food inflation climbing to 7.8 per cent in February after a correction in January.

Meanwhile, fuel prices have sustained a deflationary trend for the sixth consecutive month in February. The core Consumer Price Index (CPI), excluding food and fuel, witnessed disinflation, dropping to 3.4 per cent in February. This figure marks one of the lowest levels in the current CPI series, with both goods and services components experiencing a decline in inflation.

Policy Outlook Amidst Economic Challenges :

In its April 2024 meeting, the MPC left its inflation forecast for the fiscal year unchanged at 4.5 per cent, assuming normal monsoon conditions. However, the country faces challenges such as a scorching summer, a spike in crude oil prices, and persisting worries about supply chain disruptions due to the Red Sea crisis. These factors add layers of complexity to the inflation outlook, requiring careful monitoring and potentially proactive policy measures to navigate the evolving economic landscape.

Correct Answer :   Bijnor

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After originating from the Gangotri Glacier in Uttarakhand, the Ganga flows into the plains and enters the state of UP. Uttar Pradesh witnesses the entry of the Ganga River from the Bijnor district.

India boasts numerous rivers, with some originating in the Himalayas while others stem from the major mountain ranges across the subcontinent. Among them, the Ganga River holds a revered status as the holiest and most prominent river in northern India. After emerging from the Himalayas, the Ganga traverses primarily through the state of Uttar Pradesh, playing a vital role in its economy and culture.

Ganga, the Longest River in India :

When it comes to the longest rivers in India, the Ganga River takes the lead. It spans a total length of 2525 kilometers, traversing through multiple states and serving as a lifeline for millions of people. However, it’s essential to note that while the Ganga is the longest river in terms of its course within India, in some regions, it merges with the Brahmaputra River, forming a vast network of water bodies.

Entry Point of Ganga River into Uttar Pradesh :

Uttar Pradesh witnesses the entry of the Ganga River from the Bijnor district. From there, it flows through various cities and towns, enriching the landscape and influencing the lives of millions. The river’s significance extends beyond just geographical boundaries, as it holds immense cultural, religious, and economic value for the people of Uttar Pradesh and India as a whole.

Ganga’s Flow through Uttar Pradesh :

After originating from the Gangotri Glacier in Uttarakhand, the Ganga flows into the plains and enters the state of Uttar Pradesh. Here, it meanders through several districts, including Garhwal, Bijnor, Badayun, Farrukhabad, Kannauj, Kanpur, Bithoor, Prayagraj, Mirzapur, and Ghazipur. Uttar Pradesh, being one of India’s most populous states, relies heavily on the Ganga for various purposes, including agriculture, transportation, and religious practices.

Importance of Ganga in Uttar Pradesh :

The Ganga’s presence in Uttar Pradesh is not merely geographical; it significantly influences the state’s economy, agriculture, and spirituality. The river serves as a lifeline for millions of people, supporting irrigation, transportation, and tourism industries along its banks. Additionally, Uttar Pradesh’s cultural and religious fabric is intricately woven with rituals and festivals centered around the Ganga.

Future Challenges and Initiatives :

While the Ganga holds immense cultural and economic significance, it also faces challenges such as pollution and overexploitation. To address these issues, the government and various organizations are implementing measures to conserve and rejuvenate the river. Initiatives include pollution control programs, riverfront development projects, and community participation efforts aimed at preserving the Ganga’s purity and vitality.

Correct Answer :   Colorado

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Colorado earned the nickname "The Centennial State" due to its admission into the Union in 1876, precisely a century after the signing of the Declaration of Independence.

Which State of United States is Known as “The Centennial State”?

Colorado holds the distinction of being known as “The Centennial State” among the United States. This nickname stems from its admission into the Union in 1876, precisely 100 years after the signing of the Declaration of Independence. Symbolizing both historical significance and patriotic pride, the title highlights Colorado’s role in commemorating the nation’s centennial while underscoring its rich heritage and contributions to American history.

The Origin of the Nickname “The Centennial State” :

Colorado earned the moniker “The Centennial State” due to its admission into the Union in the year 1876. This year held special significance as it marked the centennial anniversary of the signing of the Declaration of Independence, a pivotal event in American history. The timing of Colorado’s statehood celebration perfectly aligned with the nation’s centennial celebrations, hence the fitting nickname.

Why is Colorado is Known as “The Centennial State”?

Colorado earned the nickname “The Centennial State” due to its admission into the Union in 1876, precisely a century after the signing of the Declaration of Independence. This historical milestone marked Colorado’s official entry as the 38th state of the United States, aligning perfectly with the nation’s centennial celebrations. The nickname reflects the state’s pivotal role in commemorating this significant event in American history.

The Symbolism of the Nickname “The Centennial State” :

“The Centennial State” serves as a symbolic reminder of Colorado’s historical roots and its enduring commitment to the ideals of freedom, independence, and progress. It pays homage to the state’s role in commemorating the nation’s centennial while also highlighting its rich heritage and contributions to American society.

Beyond the Nickname :

While “The Centennial State” captures Colorado’s historical significance, another well-known epithet, “Colorful Colorado,” captures the essence of its natural beauty and scenic landscapes. From majestic mountains to winding rivers and sprawling plains, Colorado’s diverse terrain has earned it a reputation as one of the most visually stunning states in the nation.

Correct Answer :   12th May

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The International Day of Plant Health (IDPH) is observed annually on 12 May to raise awareness about the critical importance of protecting plant health. This global initiative aims to prevent hunger, reduce poverty, safeguard biodiversity, and promote economic development worldwide. This year, the International Day of Plant Health falls on Sunday, 12 May 2024, coinciding with Mother’s Day, an event that recognizes the love, care, and sacrifices of mothers.

Theme: ‘Plant Health, Safe Trade, Digital Technology’ :

The theme for the International Day of Plant Health 2024 is ‘Plant Health, Safe Trade, Digital Technology.’ This theme emphasizes the need for international collaboration, standards, and the integration of digital technologies to promote plant health and ensure safe trade practices.

History and Significance :

The United Nations established the International Day of Plant Health to draw public attention to the necessity of safeguarding plant health. The resolution was unanimously adopted by the UN General Assembly in March 2022 and co-sponsored by several countries, including Bolivia, Finland, Pakistan, the Philippines, Tanzania, and Zambia.

The resolution highlights the crucial role of healthy plants in sustainable agricultural development, supporting a growing global population by 2050. It also acknowledges the functions of plants in regulating ecosystems, providing food security and nutrition, and promoting biodiversity.

A Call to Action :

The International Day of Plant Health 2024 calls on everyone to raise awareness and take action to keep our plants healthy, ensuring food safety and sustainable trade practices. The FAO is marking the occasion by hosting an event on 13 May 2024 in Rome, Italy, focusing on sustainable agriculture practices and promoting plant health.

As we celebrate this important day, let us recognize the vital role of plant health in our lives and commit to collective efforts to protect our plants, safeguard our food sources, and preserve the delicate balance of our ecosystems.

Plants: Vital for Life :

Plants play a crucial role in our lives, providing up to 80 percent of the food we consume and a staggering 98 percent of the oxygen we breathe. Yet, these essential life-givers are severely threatened by pests and diseases, making plant health a pressing concern.

The Devastating Impact of Plant Pests and Diseases :

According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), up to 40 percent of food crops are destroyed by plant pests and diseases annually. This devastation not only has a detrimental impact on agriculture but also exacerbates global hunger, threatens rural livelihoods, and costs the global economy a staggering $220 billion every year.

Invasive Insects: A Looming Threat :

Invasive insects pose an additional threat to plant health and biodiversity. These unwanted visitors can spread diseases, further compounding the challenges faced by farmers and food producers worldwide.

Correct Answer :   Surat

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Surat earned the title "City of Bridges" due to its extensive network of over 120 bridges, surpassing any other city in India.

Which Indian City is Known as “City of Bridges”?

The Indian city known as the “City of Bridges” is Surat, located in the state of Gujarat. Surat boasts an impressive number of bridges, surpassing any other city in India. With over 120 bridges spanning rivers and connecting various parts of the city, Surat’s infrastructure facilitates smooth transportation for its residents. This abundance of bridges has earned Surat its distinctive title, highlighting its significance as a hub of connectivity and urban development.

Why is Surat Known as the “City of Bridges”?

Surat earned the title “City of Bridges” due to its extensive network of over 120 bridges, surpassing any other city in India. Situated along the banks of the Tapi River and close to other water bodies, Surat’s strategic location necessitated the construction of numerous bridges for seamless connectivity. These bridges play a vital role in facilitating smooth transportation within the city, earning Surat its reputation as a hub of connectivity and urban development.

Infrastructure Development of Surat :

In an effort to alleviate traffic congestion within the city, there has been an increased emphasis on constructing flyovers. These flyovers are strategically built to enhance traffic management, allowing for seamless movement without the need for frequent halts. From bridges spanning rivers to those crossing railway lines, Surat’s infrastructure is a testament to modern urban planning.

City of Bridges is also Known as Diamond City :

Surat, often referred to as the “Diamond City,” is recognized for its significance in the world of silk textiles. Additionally, approximately 90% of the world’s diamond cutting and polishing activities take place here. The city’s name holds meaning in both Hindi and Gujarati, translating to “face,” reflecting its multifaceted identity. Apart from being the City of Bridges, Surat is also known as the Textile City and the Diamond City.

Correct Answer :   11 May 2024

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Surjit Patar, 79, a renowned Punjabi poet who received the Padma Shri, passed away at his home near Barewal Colony on Saturday (11th May 2024) morning.

Tributes Pour In :

The news of Patar’s demise has been met with an outpouring of grief and condolences from political leaders and literary figures alike. Bhagwant Mann, the Chief Minister of Punjab, and Kultar Singh Sandhwan, the Speaker of the Punjab Vidhan Sabha, expressed their deep sorrow and acknowledged Patar’s significant contribution to the promotion and preservation of the Punjabi language globally.

A Celebrated Literary Journey :

Surjit Patar’s literary journey was marked by numerous accolades and honours, including the prestigious Sahitya Akademi Award for his exceptional work in regional language writing. His achievements were recognized at the highest level when he was conferred the Padma Shri in 2012, a well-deserved recognition of his contributions to Punjabi literature.

Born in Patar Kalan village in Jalandhar, Patar retired as a professor of Punjabi from the Punjab Agricultural University, leaving an indelible mark on the minds of countless students and literary enthusiasts.

A ‘Philosopher of the Heart’ :

Former Union Minister of Law and Justice, Ashwani Kumar, paid a heartfelt tribute to Patar, describing him as a “philosopher of the heart” whose writings kept alive the deepest yearnings and realities of both private and social life. Kumar commended Patar’s ability to seamlessly blend the poet and his poetry, ensuring that the language of the heart resonated through his work.

Preserving the Legacy :

Patar’s literary legacy extends beyond the confines of Punjab, as his works have been celebrated and studied globally. His role as the president of the Punjab Arts Council further solidified his commitment to the preservation and promotion of Punjabi culture and art.

As the literary world mourns the loss of this legendary figure, Surjit Patar’s contributions to Punjabi literature will continue to inspire generations of writers and poets, ensuring that the rich tapestry of Punjabi language and culture remains vibrant and alive.