May - 2024 Current Affairs

Correct Answer :   May 20

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World Bee Day, observed on May 20, marks the birth anniversary of Anton Janša, a pioneer in beekeeping. Established by the United Nations in 2017, this day highlights the critical role of bees in ensuring food security, biodiversity, and sustainable agriculture. The 2024 theme, “Bee engaged with Youth,” emphasizes the importance of involving young people in bee conservation efforts to protect these vital pollinators.

World Bee Day 2024 – Date :

World Bee Day 2024 is observed on May 20, 2024. This annual event aims to raise awareness about the essential role of bees and other pollinators in maintaining the health of our planet, ensuring food security, and promoting biodiversity and sustainable agriculture.

Theme of World Bee Day 2024 :

The theme for World Bee Day 2024 is “Bee engaged with Youth.” This theme, decided by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), emphasizes the importance of engaging the younger generation in beekeeping and raising awareness about the crucial role bees play in our ecosystem. It aims to educate and involve youth in activities that promote bee conservation and sustainability.

World Bee Day – History :

World Bee Day was established after Slovenia’s successful proposal to the United Nations in December 2017. The date, May 20, marks the birth anniversary of Anton Janša, a pioneer of modern beekeeping, who was born in 1734. With the support of the Slovenian Government and NGO Apimondia, the UN General Assembly adopted this day to honor the significance of bees and other pollinators. The inaugural World Bee Day was celebrated on May 20, 2018.

Significance of World Bee Day 2024 :

Bees play a pivotal role in the environment by pollinating plants, which supports agriculture, promotes biodiversity, and ensures the survival of many plant species. Beekeeping is also a vital occupation that provides livelihoods for millions of people worldwide. Unfortunately, bee populations are declining at an alarming rate due to factors such as habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change. World Bee Day highlights the need to protect these essential creatures and promotes sustainable practices to safeguard their future.

How is World Bee Day Celebrated?

World Bee Day is celebrated in various ways to raise awareness and support for bees and beekeeping:

Correct Answer :   Japan

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In a world where speed and connectivity reign supreme, the race towards the next generation of wireless technology has reached a new milestone. A Japanese consortium has unveiled the prototype of what is touted to be the world’s first high-speed 6G device, promising data transfer rates at lightning speed. This groundbreaking innovation opens the door to a realm of possibilities previously unimaginable.

Breaking Speed Barriers :

The purported 6G device boasts an astounding data transmission rate of 100 gigabits per second (Gbps), dwarfing the capabilities of current 5G technology by a staggering factor of 20. Utilizing the 100 gigahertz (GHz) frequency indoors and the 300 GHz band outdoors, this prototype showcases the potential for unprecedented connectivity speeds.

Challenges of Higher Frequencies :

While the allure of higher frequencies lies in their potential for faster data transfer, they also present significant challenges. The shorter wavelengths limit the distance the signal can travel and diminish its penetration strength. As such, achieving widespread coverage and reliable connectivity with 6G technology will require innovative solutions to overcome these obstacles.

Real-World Implications :

The transition from 4G to 5G primarily focused on enhancing data capacity for activities such as video streaming and mobile browsing. However, the advent of 6G heralds a new era of possibilities. With its unparalleled speed, 6G has the potential to revolutionize communication and entertainment. Real-time holographic communication and immersive virtual and mixed-reality experiences are just a glimpse of what 6G could enable.

Beyond Personal Convenience :

The impact of 6G extends far beyond our personal connections. It has the potential to revolutionize various industries. Here’s a glimpse into what the future holds :

* Healthcare : Imagine real-time data transmission from medical devices, enabling remote surgeries or instant access to critical patient information.
* Transportation : 6G could pave the way for autonomous vehicles that communicate seamlessly, leading to safer and more efficient transportation systems.
* Artificial Intelligence : With its unparalleled speed and capacity, 6G could fuel the development of even more sophisticated AI applications that can analyze data faster and make more informed decisions.

The Path Forward :

While the unveiling of the 6G prototype marks a significant milestone, widespread adoption is still a distant reality. The development of 6G networks will necessitate the creation of a new generation of devices equipped with built-in 6G antennas. Additionally, addressing challenges such as signal interference from walls and environmental factors like rain will be crucial for ensuring reliable connectivity.

Correct Answer :   Nandini Dairy

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In a proud moment for Kannadigas and dairy farmers in Karnataka, the Scotland cricket team has unveiled its new ICC T20 World Cup jersey adorned with the Karnataka Milk Federation’s (KMF) Nandini logo. This collaboration signifies a significant milestone, bridging the worlds of cricket and dairy in a unique partnership.

The Nandini Logo :

The Nandini logo, a household name in Karnataka, takes pride of place on the leading arm of the Scotland cricket team’s jersey, with representations in both English and Kannada. This integration not only showcases Karnataka’s rich dairy heritage but also celebrates linguistic diversity on the global stage.

T20 World Cup Sponsorship :

Nandini’s sponsorship of the Scotland and Ireland teams in the forthcoming T20 World Cup reflects a substantial investment in cricketing endeavors. With a sponsorship amounting to approximately Rs 2.5 crore per team, KMF demonstrates its commitment to supporting sports and promoting its brand on an international platform.

Global Expansion :

In tandem with the T20 World Cup sponsorship, KMF is set to launch Nandini Splash, a whey-based energy drink, in the US market during the tournament. This strategic move underscores Nandini’s ambition to expand its reach beyond borders and establish itself as a global brand synonymous with excellence and purity.

Political Endorsement :

Karnataka Chief Minister Siddaramaiah commended the initiative, emphasizing its role in showcasing the state’s high-quality dairy products and the dedication of its farmers to a global audience. He expressed confidence in Nandini’s ability to captivate and inspire audiences worldwide during the World Cup.

Cricket Scotland’s Perspective :

Claire Drummond, Commercial Manager of Cricket Scotland, expressed delight at the partnership with Nandini, citing it as a testament to the global appeal of Scottish cricket. As the Scotland team gears up to compete against cricketing giants at the World Cup, the collaboration with Nandini adds a layer of prestige and significance to their campaign.

Nandini’s Vision :

M K Jagadish, Managing Director of KMF, articulated the brand’s vision of leveraging the World Cup platform to introduce Nandini to a global audience of cricket enthusiasts. This partnership marks a pivotal moment in Nandini’s journey towards international recognition and underscores its commitment to providing nutritious and quality dairy products worldwide.

Upcoming Matches :

Scotland’s T20 World Cup journey kicks off with a Group B encounter against England on June 4 in Barbados, followed by a match against Namibia. With the Nandini logo emblazoned on their jerseys, the Scotland team is poised to showcase their skills and proudly represent their nation on the world stage.

Correct Answer :   $25 Million

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Fusion Micro Finance has obtained a $25 million loan from the United States International Development Finance Corporation (DFC) to fuel its expansion plans, primarily focusing on empowering rural women entrepreneurs. The initial disbursement of $20 million, part of an eight-year loan, aims to enhance business operations and advance financial inclusion efforts.

Expansion Strategy and Loan Utilization :

Fusion Micro Finance intends to utilize the loan to expand its business operations and drive loan growth, particularly targeting rural women entrepreneurs. The borrowing aligns with the company’s strategy to diversify its liability mix and tap into various funding sources, ultimately strengthening its asset-liability profile.

Partnership Impact and Future Growth :

This collaboration bolsters Fusion Micro Finance’s financial standing, enhancing its credibility in the global development financial landscape. Leveraging the loan facility, the microfinance institution aims to broaden its outreach, drive positive social change, and foster economic development in underserved communities.

Correct Answer :   Venezuela

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Venezuela has recently witnessed a poignant environmental milestone, marking a grim reality of the climate crisis. The nation has likely become the first in modern history to lose all its glaciers, with the reclassification of the Humboldt glacier as an ice field, its final icy vestige, earlier this month. This event serves as a stark reminder that climate change is not a distant threat but an urgent crisis demanding immediate action.

Disappearing Glaciers of Venezuela :

Once home to six glaciers nestled in the Andes mountains at approximately 5,000 meters above sea level, Venezuela saw the disappearance of five by 2011. Scientists initially estimated that the Humboldt glacier would endure for another decade, but its rapid melting has defied expectations. Now reduced to less than 2 hectares, the Humboldt’s downgrade from a glacier to an ice field underscores the alarming pace of glacial retreat.

What are Glaciers?

Glaciers, massive accumulations of ice formed over centuries from compacted snow, typically develop in regions where mean annual temperatures hover near freezing. Their sheer mass and gravitational pull cause them to flow like slow rivers. While definitions of glacier size vary, a common guideline suggests a minimum size of around 10 hectares.

The Role of Global Warming :

The primary driver behind glacier loss is indisputably global warming, fueled by the accumulation of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere. Human activities, notably the burning of fossil fuels since the Industrial Revolution, have significantly elevated GHG levels. These gases trap heat, leading to rising global temperatures and accelerated glacier melting.

Impact of Glacial Loss :

The disappearance of glaciers carries profound ecological and societal implications. Glaciers serve as vital freshwater reservoirs, particularly during dry periods, sustaining local communities, flora, and fauna. Their meltwater also regulates downstream temperatures, crucial for aquatic ecosystems. Furthermore, melting glaciers contribute to rising sea levels, albeit to varying degrees depending on their size.

Beyond Environmental Impact :

For nations like Venezuela, glacier loss represents not only an environmental crisis but also a cultural tragedy. Glaciers hold deep cultural significance, shaping regional identities and supporting activities like mountaineering and tourism. The loss of these icy landmarks reverberates beyond environmental concerns, profoundly affecting communities’ way of life.

The Urgency of Climate Action :

Venezuela’s loss of its last glacier serves as a poignant reminder of the urgent need for decisive climate action. As nations grapple with the consequences of unchecked climate change, concerted efforts to curb GHG emissions, invest in renewable energy, and adapt to shifting environmental realities become imperative. The fate of glaciers worldwide hangs in the balance, underscoring the pressing need for collective action to preserve our planet’s fragile ecosystems.

Correct Answer :   China

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In the latest move against perceived infringements on its territorial claims, China has sanctioned Boeing and two other US defense companies for their involvement in arms sales to Taiwan. The announcement came on the day of Taiwan’s presidential inauguration, highlighting tensions in the region.

Taiwan’s Security Agenda :

Lai Ching-te, Taiwan’s newly inaugurated president, has emphasized the need to bolster the island’s security through the acquisition of advanced fighter jets and other technology, as well as by enhancing its domestic defense industry.

Targets of Sanctions :

China’s Ministry of Commerce placed Boeing’s Defence, Space & Security unit, General Atomics Aeronautical Systems, and General Dynamics Land Systems on an “unreliable entities” list. This move prohibits further investment in China by these companies and imposes travel bans on their senior management.

Previous Actions and Current Impact :

In April 2024, China had frozen assets of General Atomics Aeronautical Systems and General Dynamics Land Systems held within its borders. While the impact of these sanctions on businesses like Boeing remains uncertain, it could affect their operations in China, particularly in the aerospace sector, where foreign technology is still crucial despite China’s efforts to develop its own capabilities.

Military Dynamics :

Taiwan has been experiencing increased military pressure from China’s People’s Liberation Army, evident in frequent fighter jet flights and warship passages near the island. This escalation underscores the sensitivity of arms sales to Taiwan and the potential repercussions they carry in the broader geopolitical context.

Complex Business Landscape :

Despite US restrictions on the sale of weapons-related technology to China, some military contractors, including Boeing, have civilian businesses in aerospace and other sectors. The interplay between these different facets of their operations adds complexity to the potential fallout from China’s sanctions.

Correct Answer :   6.7%

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The Indian economy showed robust growth in the first three quarters of the 2023-24 fiscal year, with GDP expanding by 8.2% in the June quarter, 8.1% in the September quarter, and 8.4% in the December quarter. India Ratings and Research (Ind-RA) expects the GDP growth rate to be 6.7% for the March quarter and around 6.9-7% for the entire fiscal year (2024), according to their principal economist, Sunil Kumar Sinha. The official GDP numbers for Q4 and provisional estimates for FY24 will be released on May 31.

Quarterly Performance :

June Quarter : GDP growth at 8.2%
September Quarter : GDP growth at 8.1%
December Quarter : GDP growth at 8.4%

Factors Influencing Growth :

The growth rates in the first two quarters benefited from a low base effect. The surprising 8.4% growth in the third quarter was significantly influenced by higher tax collections, creating a notable wedge between GDP and Gross Value Added (GVA). In Q3, while GVA was at 6.5%, GDP reached 8.4% due to this tax collection boost. This phenomenon is not expected to be repeated in Q4, which is projected to grow by 6.7%.

Reserve Bank and Fiscal Projections :

The Reserve Bank of India projected a GDP growth rate of 7% for 2023-24 in its April monetary policy review. Sinha expects the GDP to expand by 7.1% in the current fiscal year, continuing the momentum observed in the first half.

Sectoral Contributions and Future Outlook :

Services Sector: Led by construction and electricity, expected to maintain momentum.
Lagging Sectors: Mining and industrial output.
Rural Demand: Predicted above-normal monsoon may revive rural demand, supporting broader consumption.

Ministry and Economic Review :

The Finance Ministry highlighted India’s resilient growth, robust economic indicators, price stability, and steady external sector performance. Despite global uncertainties, India remains the fastest-growing major economy with a positive growth outlook supported by both international organizations and the RBI.

Correct Answer :   May 18th

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International Museum Day, celebrated annually on May 18th in the world to raise public awareness of the invaluable role museums play in preserving artistic, cultural, and historical artifacts. This day highlights the educational and cultural contributions of museums, showcasing their importance as repositories of knowledge and history. Let’s delve into the details of International Museum Day 2024, exploring its date, history, theme, significance, and celebrations.

International Museum Day 2024 – Date :

International Museum Day is celebrated every year on May 18. In 2024, the event falls on a Saturday, providing an excellent opportunity for people to visit museums and participate in various activities and events organized to mark the occasion.

International Museum Day 2024 – Theme :

Each year, International Museum Day focuses on a specific theme that addresses relevant topics or challenges faced by museums globally. The theme for International Museum Day 2024 is “Museums for Education and Research.” This theme underscores the essential role of museums as cultural institutions that provide comprehensive educational experiences and support research initiatives. It highlights how museums contribute to lifelong learning and the advancement of knowledge.

History of International Museum Day :

The first International Museum Day was organized in 1977 by the International Council of Museums (ICOM). This initiative was born from a resolution aimed at creating an annual event to unite the creative efforts of museums worldwide and raise global awareness about their activities. Since its inception, museums across the globe have been invited to participate in this celebration each year. In 1992, ICOM began the tradition of adopting an annual theme, and in 1997, an international poster was introduced, embraced by 28 countries.

Significance of International Museum Day :

International Museum Day holds significant importance in emphasizing the vital role museums play in society. Established by ICOM, this day aims to unite museums worldwide and showcase their efforts in raising awareness, fostering understanding, and promoting the appreciation of diverse cultures. Museums serve as educational platforms that offer valuable insights into the lifestyles, tools, and creations of ancient civilizations, making them crucial repositories of history. By celebrating this day, we acknowledge and honor the dedication of museums to preserving and sharing human heritage.

International Museum Day 2024 – Celebrations

International Museum Day is celebrated with various activities and events organized by museums around the world. These celebrations often include :

* Special Exhibitions and Tours : Museums curate unique exhibitions and guided tours that align with the annual theme, offering visitors deeper insights into specific topics.
* Workshops and Educational Programs : Interactive workshops, lectures, and educational programs are held to engage the public and promote learning.
* Community Events : Museums collaborate with local communities to host cultural performances, art shows, and other events that highlight the region’s heritage.
* Free or Discounted Entry : Many museums offer free or discounted admission on this day to encourage more people to visit and explore their collections.
* Online Events : In recent years, virtual tours, online workshops, and digital exhibitions have become popular, allowing global participation in International Museum Day.

Correct Answer :   May 18th

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World AIDS Vaccine Day, also known as HIV Vaccine Awareness Day, is observed annually on May 18th. This day is dedicated to raising awareness about the urgent need for AIDS vaccines and acknowledging the efforts of individuals, including doctors, scientists, and community members, who are committed to developing vaccines to combat HIV/AIDS.

Understanding AIDS :

AIDS, which stands for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The disease was first reported in 1981 in the United States. HIV attacks the body’s immune system, gradually weakening it over time. If left untreated, HIV can progress to AIDS, wherein the immune system is severely compromised, making the body vulnerable to various infections and diseases.

History of World AIDS Vaccine Day :

World AIDS Vaccine Day traces its origins to a speech delivered by then-President Bill Clinton at Morgan State University on May 18, 1997. In his address, President Clinton emphasized the critical importance of developing a vaccine to halt the spread of the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Since then, May 18th has been globally recognized as a day to promote awareness about HIV/AIDS and the imperative need for a vaccine.

Theme for World’s AIDS Vaccine Day 2024 :

While the theme for World AIDS Vaccine Day 2024 has not yet been announced, the overarching focus remains on innovative research, accelerated vaccine development, and protective measures to realize the goal of an AIDS-free world. In 2023, the theme, ‘Measure Your Blood Pressure Accurately, Control It, Live Longer,’ highlighted the importance of raising awareness and taking appropriate measures for disease prevention.

Significance of World’s AIDS Vaccine Day :

World AIDS Vaccine Day holds significant importance in acknowledging the progress made in AIDS research and underscoring the ongoing efforts required to combat the disease. It serves as a poignant reminder of the global commitment needed to develop an effective vaccine that can prevent HIV infections and ultimately eradicate AIDS. Moreover, the day serves to honor the dedication of individuals tirelessly working towards the development of an AIDS vaccine and promotes awareness about prevention efforts.

Awareness Initiatives :

On World AIDS Vaccine Day, numerous organizations and governments worldwide organize various programs and events to educate communities about HIV/AIDS prevention and control. These initiatives aim to dispel misconceptions surrounding the disease, encourage HIV testing and early diagnosis, and advocate for accessible treatment and support services.

Correct Answer :   India and Britain

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* India and Britain have reaffirmed their commitment to conclude a mutually beneficial free trade agreement (FTA) at the annual U.K.-India Strategic Dialogue in London, as the two sides reflected the "good progress" on the 2030 Roadmap since the last review.

* Foreign Secretary Vinay Kwatra, who is on a visit to the U.K., held discussions with his counterpart, Sir Philip Barton, Permanent Under-Secretary at the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO) on Friday (17th May 2024).

* After their meeting, the FCDO said the two leaders reviewed the progress made on the U.K.-India 2030 Roadmap since the last strategic dialogue in January last year and looked ahead to the next phase of bilateral cooperation.

* “The two reflected on good progress on the 2030 Roadmap since the last review, noting key areas where the UK and India have worked together to tackle some of the world’s biggest challenges,” the FCDO said in a statement.

* “This included collaborating on the world’s first malaria vaccine, working closely on India’s successful G20 Presidency and increasing opportunities for students and entrepreneurs under the Migration and Mobility Partnership," the statement said.

* "Alongside celebrating the milestones since the last review, this year’s dialogue included the ongoing commitment to negotiate a mutually beneficial free trade agreement (FTA) and enhance defence cooperation,” it added.

* Earlier, the High Commission of India in London said Mr. Kwatra also had a “fruitful meeting” with U.K. Minister of State for Defence Procurement James Cartlidge, during which they discussed ongoing India-U.K. defence capability cooperation initiatives and avenues for future collaboration.

* “We are delighted to host Indian Foreign Secretary Kwatra in London to underline the UK’s commitment to deepening cooperation with India," said Lord Tariq Ahmad, FCDO Minister for South Asia, after his meeting with the Foreign Secretary, which his office said covered the FTA, migration and the Commonwealth.

* "I look forward to our relationship going from strength to strength, working together on trade, defence, climate, and health,” he added.

* The 2030 Roadmap was clinched between India and the U.K. in 2021 and includes commitments to deepen cooperation on health, climate, trade, education, science and technology, and defence by 2030.

* India and the U.K. have held 13 rounds of talks on the FTA. The 14th round started in January.

* There are 26 chapters in the agreement, including goods, services, investments, and intellectual property rights.

* The Indian industry is demanding greater access for its skilled professionals from sectors like IT and healthcare in the UK market, besides market access for several goods at nil customs duty.

* On the other hand, the U.K. is seeking a significant cut in import duties on goods such as scotch whiskey, electric vehicles, lamb meat, chocolates, and certain confectionary items.

* Britain is also looking for more opportunities for U.K. services in Indian markets in segments like telecommunications, legal and financial services (banking and insurance).

* The bilateral trade between India and the U.K. increased to $20.36 billion in 2022-23 from $17.5 billion in 2021-22..

Source : The Hindu