May - 2024 Current Affairs

Correct Answer :   Wipro

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Wipro, a leading IT major, has announced the appointment of Vinay Firake as the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of its Asia Pacific, India, Middle East, and Africa (APMEA) strategic market unit (SMU), effective immediately. Firake will report directly to Srini Pallia, Wipro’s CEO and Managing Director, and will also join the company’s executive board.

Succeeding Anis Chenchah :

Firake’s appointment comes as Anis Chenchah, the previous CEO of the APMEA SMU, steps down from the role to explore opportunities outside the organization.

About Vinay Firake :

Vinay Firake brings over 26 years of experience at Wipro, having served in various leadership roles across the globe. He will be based in Dubai for his new role.

Most recently, Firake served as the Senior Vice President and Managing Director of Wipro-Nordics Business Unit in Stockholm, where he oversaw operations across industries and services. Prior to that, he led the Manufacturing & Automotive Business Unit in Europe and held various roles spanning Europe and North America.

Recent Leadership Appointments at Wipro :

Wipro has undergone several key leadership changes in recent months:

* On April 6, 2024, the company appointed Srini Pallia as the CEO and Managing Director, succeeding Thierry Delaporte.

* In April 2024, Wipro named Malay Joshi as the CEO of Americas 1, the company’s largest and fastest-growing market, previously led by Srini Pallia.

Correct Answer :   12th May 2024

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Richard Slayman, a 62-year-old man who made history as the first recipient of a genetically modified pig kidney, has died two months after the groundbreaking transplant. Massachusetts General Hospital, which performed the transplant, confirmed his death Sunday (12th May 2024), stating that they had no reason to believe it was due to the surgery.

Slayman had been battling end-stage kidney disease and underwent the successful, pioneering surgery two months ago. The transplanted pig kidney functioned as intended, a major milestone for xenotransplantation, which refers to procedures involving the transplantation of animal cells, tissues, or organs for human treatment.

After the transplant, Slayman no longer required dialysis, though he still managed pre-existing conditions like Type 2 diabetes and hypertension. The kidneys were expected to function for a minimum of two years. No cause of death has been released yet.

“We have no indication that it was the result of his recent transplant,” Massachusetts General Hospital said in a statement. “Mr. Slayman will forever be seen as a beacon of hope to countless transplant patients worldwide.”

Before Slayman, genetically modified pig organs were transplanted only into deceased or brain-dead patients, with the organs functioning outside the body. Slayman’s case was the first successful instance of a fully functioning pig kidney working inside a living human recipient.

In a statement, Slayman’s family thanked the hospital and surgeons.

“Their enormous efforts leading the xenotransplant gave our family seven more weeks with Rick, and our memories made during that time will remain in our minds and hearts,” it said.

Family members also added that Slayman had undergone the surgery to provide hope to people who need transplants to survive, and that his legacy would inspire “patients, researchers, and health care professionals everywhere”.

Source : The Print

Correct Answer :   12th May

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Every year on 12 May, the world observes International Nurses Day to honor the birth anniversary of Florence Nightingale, the pioneer of modern nursing. This day serves as a tribute to the selfless dedication and vital contributions of nurses worldwide.

The International Council of Nurses initiated the first International Nurses Day celebration on 12 May 1974, aiming to draw attention to the crucial role nurses play in modern healthcare systems.

Florence Nightingale: The Lady with the Lamp

Florence Nightingale, born on 12 May 1820 in Florence, Italy, was a British nurse and social reformer. Her unwavering compassion and tireless efforts during the Crimean War (1853-56) earned her the legendary title of “Lady with the Lamp.”

Nightingale took charge of the camp in Turkey (now Turkiye), providing personal care to wounded British and Allied soldiers. Her dedication inspired the establishment of the Nightingale School of Nursing at St. Thomas’ Hospital in London in 1860, marking a significant milestone in the professionalization of nursing.

Theme for 2024: ‘Our Nurses Our Future, The Economic Power of Care’ :

Each year, the International Council of Nurses selects a theme to highlight a specific aspect of nursing. The theme for 2024 is ‘Our Nurses Our Future, The Economic Power of Care.’

This theme underscores the invaluable contribution of nurses to global economic growth. According to a report commissioned by the International Council Of Nurses, poor health costs the global economy a staggering 15% of the Gross Domestic Product. By promoting better health, nurses can play a pivotal role in minimizing this economic loss, but adequate investment in the nursing profession is essential.

Celebrating National Nurses Week :

In countries like Australia, Canada, and the United States, International Nurses Day is part of a weeklong celebration known as National Nurses Week, culminating on 12 May. This extended observance aims to further acknowledge and appreciate the tireless efforts of nurses in delivering exceptional healthcare services.

A Tribute to the Backbone of Healthcare :

Despite being the backbone of the healthcare sector, nurses’ importance is often undervalued and underappreciated by society. International Nurses Day serves as a platform to change this perception and highlight the indispensable role nurses play in ensuring the well-being of individuals and communities worldwide.

As we celebrate International Nurses Day, let us express our gratitude to these selfless professionals who dedicate their lives to caring for others, often at personal sacrifice. Their unwavering commitment and compassion inspire us all, and their contributions to global health and economic prosperity deserve our utmost respect and recognition.

Correct Answer :   Second Sunday of May

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In many countries, including India, Mother's Day falls on the Second Sunday of May every year and this year (2024) the celebration will fall on May 12, 2024.

Mother’s Day 2024 – History :

The roots of Mother’s Day trace back to ancient times, where cultures like the Greeks and Romans held festivals honoring mother goddesses, such as Rhea and Cybele, symbolizing fertility and motherhood. In Christian traditions, “Mothering Sunday” was observed in the 16th century England, where people returned to their main church and presented small gifts to their mothers.

In the United States, the modern Mother’s Day movement was propelled by Julia Ward Howe, who advocated for peace and disarmament among women in the 19th century. However, it was Anna Jarvis who campaigned for a national holiday to honor mothers after her own mother’s death in 1905. In 1914, President Woodrow Wilson officially designated the second Sunday in May as Mother’s Day in the U.S.

Significance of Mother’s Day :

Mother’s Day serves as a poignant reminder of the invaluable role of mothers and motherhood. It’s a day to express love, appreciation, and recognition for the selfless devotion and unconditional love that mothers provide throughout their lives. The significance of Mother’s Day lies in honoring and appreciating the sacrifices and unwavering support of mothers, celebrating the essential role of motherhood, and recognizing the profound impact mothers have on their children’s lives and society as a whole.

Correct Answer :   11th May

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National Technology Day is celebrated annually in India on 11 May. This day is dedicated to recognizing the contributions of innovators, scientists, and engineers, and to promoting scientific and technological innovation in the country.

The day was first established in 1998 to commemorate the successful nuclear test at Pokhran. This test was a significant milestone in India’s technological advancement, and it paved the way for the country to acquire a leading position in the field of nuclear weapons technology.

National Technology Day 2024 Date :

This year, National Technology Day will be celebrated in India on Saturday, 11 May 2024.

National Technology Day 2024 Theme :

The theme of National Technology Day 2024 has not been announced yet. However, like every year, the day will be recognized to embrace the advancements of India in the field of science and technology.

History of National Technology Day :

The history of National Technology Day in India dates back to 1998, when the Indian Army conducted five nuclear bomb tests (Pokhran- II) in Rajasthan under the surveillance of the then Prime Minister of India Atal Bihari Vajpayee. The Pokhran – II was led by the Missile Man of India, Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam. India was entitled as the sixth nuclear country after the huge success of the Pokhran Test.

To celebrate the accomplishment of India in the field of nuclear science, Atal Bihari Vajpayee declared 11 May as National Technology Day. The first National Technology Day was observed on 11 May 1999. The Pokhran nuclear tests were a significant milestone in India’s efforts to achieve technological advancement and pave the way for future developments in the field.

Significance of National Technology Day: Why is it Celebrated?

National Technology Day is celebrated in India every year on 11 May. This day is dedicated to recognizing the country’s technological achievements and honoring the contributions of professionals working in the field. The National Technology Day holds huge significance in India as it celebrates the country’s achievements in science and technology. It also provides an opportunity to promote scientific education and foster a strong interest in technology among all sections of society. This day is undoubtedly a catalyst for growth and a testament to India’s prowess in technological innovation.

The National Technology Day celebrations are organized by a number of organizations, including the Government of India, National Council for Science & Technology Communication, the Department of Science & Technology, Various NGOs, the Krishi Vigyan Kendra, and the Science Centres.

Correct Answer :   IIT Bhubaneswar

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The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Bhubaneswar have initiated a partnership aimed at advancing research in electronics warfare, AI-driven surveillance, power systems, and radar systems. DRDO has sanctioned nine projects from the Electronics and Communication Systems (ECS) Cluster to IIT Bhubaneswar, with an additional seven projects awaiting approval, backed by ?18 crore in funding.

Collaboration Announcement :

Director of IIT Bhubaneswar, Prof. Shreepad Karmalkar, highlighted the significance of the collaboration, stating that it signifies a shift from knowledge generation to practical application, entrepreneurship, and producing skilled professionals. He sees this partnership as a pathway to excellence in defence research and technology.

Research Focus :

Head of the School of Electrical Sciences at IIT, Prof S.R. Samantaray, emphasized that the collaboration is aligned with the evolving needs of defence applications, contributing to the vision of ‘Atma Nirbhar Bharat’ (Self-reliant India). He believes this collaboration will bolster defence research programs, fostering sustainability and contributing to the national ecosystem.

Common Cause :

Director General of the ECS Cluster at DRDO, Dr. Binay K. Das, expressed the intent behind the collaboration, emphasizing its goal to address the future needs of the nation in defence technology. The partnership aims to work collectively towards advancing defence capabilities and strengthening India’s position in the field of defence research and development.

Correct Answer :   4.9%

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India’s industrial production growth rate decelerated to 4.9% in March 2024 compared to 5.7% in February 2024, as per data from the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation. The Index of Industrial Production (IIP) for FY24 stood at 5.8%, up from 5.2% in the previous year. In March 2023, industrial output had grown by 1.9%.

Manufacturing Sector :

The manufacturing sector, a crucial component of India’s industrial landscape, saw a growth of 5.2% in March 2024, slightly up from 5% in February. Key contributors to this growth included the manufacturing of basic metals (7.7%), pharmaceuticals and medicinal products (16.7%), and other transport equipment (25.4%).

Sub-Sector Performance :

Within manufacturing, specific areas demonstrated notable growth. “Manufacture of basic metals,” “Manufacture of pharmaceuticals, medicinal chemical and botanical products,” and “Manufacture of other transport equipment” emerged as the top three positive contributors to IIP growth in March 2024.

Mining and Power Sectors :

In March 2024, mining production increased by 1.2%, while power output surged by 8.6%. These sectors play pivotal roles in India’s industrial landscape, contributing to overall economic activity and growth.

Trend Analysis :

The industrial production trajectory showed fluctuation in recent months, with a high of 11.9% in October 2023, followed by a decline to 2.5% in November, and subsequent modest growth rates in December and January 2024.

Correct Answer :   California

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California, often referred to as “The Golden State,” holds a unique place in the American imagination. This nickname, officially adoJpted in 1968, reflects the state’s rich history, vibrant culture, and abundant natural beauty. From its origins in the Gold Rush of 1848 to its modern-day prominence as a global economic powerhouse, California’s allure is undeniable.

Which state of United States is Known as “The Golden State”?

“The Golden State” refers to California, a nickname officially adopted in 1968. It stems from the state’s rich history, notably the Gold Rush of 1848, and its abundant natural beauty, symbolized by fields of golden poppies. California’s economic and cultural prominence further solidifies its golden status, with attractions like the Golden State Museum in Sacramento offering insights into its impactful past and vibrant present.

The Origin of the Nickname “The Golden State” :

The moniker “The Golden State” finds its roots in the transformative events of the mid-19th century. In 1848, the discovery of gold at Sutter’s Mill sparked a frenzied migration of fortune seekers from around the world. This Gold Rush not only shaped California’s destiny but also captured the imagination of people worldwide. The gleaming promise of wealth and opportunity gave rise to the enduring association of California with the precious metal.

Why is California Known as “The Golden State”?

California is known as “The Golden State” due to its rich history intertwined with the Gold Rush of 1848, which attracted fortune seekers worldwide. The discovery of gold at Sutter’s Mill ignited a frenzy of migration and economic growth, shaping California’s destiny. Additionally, the state’s picturesque landscapes, featuring golden poppy fields and sun-kissed coastlines, contribute to the nickname, highlighting its natural beauty and allure.

Natural Beauty and Symbolism of California

Beyond its historical significance, California’s nickname also pays homage to its breathtaking landscapes. Each spring, the state bursts into a riot of color as fields of golden poppies blanket the countryside. This natural spectacle, combined with the golden hues of its sandy beaches and sun-kissed hillsides, embodies the essence of California’s allure. The term “golden” has thus become synonymous with the state’s diverse ecosystems and stunning vistas.

Cultural and Economic Significance of California :

Beyond its natural splendor, California’s golden status extends to its cultural and economic influence. With a diverse population drawn from every corner of the globe, the state has long been a beacon of innovation and creativity. From the birth of the entertainment industry in Hollywood to the technological revolution of Silicon Valley, California continues to shape the world through its bold ideas and entrepreneurial spirit.

The Golden State Museum :

In homage to its storied past and vibrant present, California is home to the Golden State Museum. Located at the California State Archives in Sacramento, this museum serves as a tribute to the state’s rich heritage. Through interactive exhibits and immersive storytelling, visitors can journey through the pivotal moments that have shaped California’s identity. From the Gold Rush to the present day, the museum offers a compelling exploration of the Golden State’s history and legacy.

Correct Answer :   Nagaland

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The Kohima Peace Memorial and Eco Park in Nagaland hold profound significance, celebrating the collaborative effort between the Government of Japan, the Japanese International Cooperation Agency, and the Government of Nagaland. The inauguration of these projects represents not only historical importance but also serves as a symbol of peace, reconciliation, and educational value.

Ambassador Suzuki’s Reflections on the Battle of Kohima

* Speaking at the program, Ambassador Hiroshi Suzuki, the Japanese Ambassador to India, acknowledged that the Japanese people remembered the Battle of Kohima, along with the “Battle of Imphal,” as one of the most disastrous battles of World War II. He expressed sympathy for the people of Nagaland, who had nothing to do with the war but inevitably had to endure great suffering.

* Ambassador Suzuki offered prayers for the souls of all people of Nagaland, Japanese soldiers, Indian National Army soldiers, and those who fought on the British Commonwealth side, who lost their lives in the battle.

Kohima Peace Memorial: A Solemn Tribute

* Expressing happiness at witnessing the inauguration of the Kohima Peace Memorial, Ambassador Suzuki stated that the monument enables everyone to stand in solemn silence and offer sincere prayers to all the victims of the battle. He extended his deepest sympathy and heartfelt condolences to the people of Nagaland for the indescribable sufferings they endured during the Battle of Kohima.

Fostering Friendship and Cultural Exchange :

* Ambassador Suzuki acknowledged the generosity of the people of Nagaland, which has fostered a new friendship between Japan and Nagaland. He expressed hope that the Eco-Park will become a new landmark in Kohima, symbolizing the friendship between the two regions.

* Furthermore, the Ambassador highlighted the growing cultural exchange between Japan and Nagaland, with many young people from Nagaland traveling to Japan for skill training and job opportunities. He informed that in December last year, a Japanese sending organization called ARMS signed an MoU with Nagaland University to establish a Japanese language course in Kohima, encouraging more Naga youths to learn the language and seize opportunities in Japan.

Chief Minister Neiphiu Rio’s Remarks

* Chief Minister Neiphiu Rio expressed that Nagaland’s close association with Japan has matured into bilateral cooperation, and the Nagas have always felt a strong connection with the Japanese people. He mentioned the increasing influence of Japanese culture in Nagaland’s society, especially among the youth.

* Rio stated that the inauguration of the Kohima Peace Memorial and the laying of the foundation stone for the Eco-Park is an expression of the commitment to forge stronger ties between the Nagas and Japanese. He highlighted that the 80th Anniversary of the Battle of Kohima is being commemorated this year, and the state government has planned several events involving related countries like the UK and the US, with the hope that Japanese friends will also be part of the programs, collectively working to communicate peace and oneness.

Paying Tribute to the Brave Souls :

* Later, Ambassador Suzuki, along with Chief Minister Neiphiu Rio, visited the Kohima War Cemetery and laid wreaths as a tribute to the brave souls who lost their lives during the Battle of Kohima. The Ambassador also visited the Kohima Cathedral and the World War II Museum at Naga Heritage Village, Kisama.

Correct Answer :   $500,000

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India has reaffirmed its dedication to the global fight against terrorism by contributing $500,000 to the UN Counter-Terrorism Trust Fund (CTTF). Ambassador Ruchira Kamboj, India’s Permanent Representative to the UN, delivered the contribution to Under Secretary General Vladimir Voronkov on May 7. This financial support adds to India’s ongoing commitment, totaling $2.55 million, aimed at bolstering multilateral efforts against terrorism.

Significance of India’s Contribution :

India’s donation to the CTTF will aid in financing crucial programs under the United Nations Office of Counter-Terrorism (UNOCT), particularly the Countering Financing of Terrorism (CFT) and Countering Terrorist Travel Programme (CTTP). These initiatives focus on enhancing the capabilities of member states in eastern and southern Africa to combat terrorism financing and prevent terrorist movements and travel.

Background of UN Counter-Terrorism Efforts :

In response to the 9/11 attacks, the UN Security Council established the Counter-Terrorism Committee (CTC) to monitor the implementation of relevant resolutions. The committee addresses various aspects of counter-terrorism, including strategies, financing, border security, law enforcement, human rights, and countering violent extremism.

UN Counter-Terrorism Programs :

The UN Countering Terrorist Travel Programme (CTTP) assists member states in developing their capacities to detect and counter terrorist activities. Similarly, the Countering Financing of Terrorism (CFT) initiative supports countries in implementing coordinated strategies to combat terrorism financing effectively.

Overview of the UN Security Council :

The UN Security Council, one of the primary organs of the United Nations, is responsible for maintaining international peace and security. Comprising 15 members, including five permanent and ten non-permanent members, the Council addresses global security issues and adopts resolutions to address emerging threats.