Which Country Deploys 'Einstein Probe,' A Lotus-Shaped Satellite, To Monitor Cosmic Turbulence?

Daily Current Affairs

USA

China

Russia

India

Correct Answer : China

China on Tuesday (9th Jan 2024) sent a groundbreaking astronomical satellite named Einstein Probe (EP) into space on a mission to observe mysterious transient phenomena in the universe.

The satellite, shaped like a " Lotus in full bloom", employs innovative X-ray detection technology inspired by the functioning of a lobster eye.

Launched from the Xichang Satellite Launch Centre in southwest China’s Sichuan Province, this mission marks a significant step in unraveling the secrets of the cosmos.

Lotus-Shaped Wonder: Design and Features of Einstein Probe :

The Einstein Probe, weighing approximately 1.45 tonnes and resembling a full-size SUV, boasts a distinctive lotus shape. Its design includes 12 petals and two stamens, with each petal housing wide-field X-ray telescopes (WXT) and each stamen containing follow-up X-ray telescopes (FXT). This unique structure forms a space observatory geared towards capturing elusive celestial events.

Unveiling the Universe’s Hidden Fireworks: Mission Objectives :

The primary mission objectives of the Einstein Probe focus on shedding light on enigmatic phenomena in the universe. Scientists aim to capture the first light emanating from supernova explosions, locate and identify X-ray signals accompanying gravitational wave events, and discover dormant black holes and other faint transient celestial objects at the outer reaches of the cosmos.

Einstein’s Legacy: A Nod to General Relativity :

The satellite’s nomenclature pays homage to Albert Einstein, the iconic physicist behind the theory of general relativity. Yuan Weimin, the principal investigator of the EP mission and a researcher at the National Astronomical Observatories of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), emphasizes the connection between the mission’s objectives and Einstein’s groundbreaking predictions.

The Universe’s Explosive Side: Studying Transient Celestial Bodies :

While the starry sky appears serene to the human eye, the universe harbors intense celestial activities. Explosions triggered by the demise of supermassive stars, black holes consuming stars, and collisions involving neutron stars and black holes are part of this cosmic drama. The EP mission aims to deepen our understanding of these phenomena, answering fundamental questions about the composition of the universe and the governing laws of extreme celestial environments.

X-ray Vision: Capturing the Unseen with WXT and FXT :

The wide-field X-ray telescopes (WXT) on the satellite act as colossal nets, allowing scientists to monitor one-twelfth of the entire sky at once. These instruments are crucial for capturing sudden and unpredictable explosive celestial bodies beyond our galaxy, often emitting X-rays. Additionally, follow-up X-ray telescopes (FXT) boast high sensitivity, facilitating rapid observation and independent discovery of transient sources..

Innovative Technology: CMOS Sensors for X-ray Observation :

The EP mission incorporates innovative X-ray astronomical detectors, including CMOS sensors developed by the international team involved in the project. These sensors enhance the satellite’s ability to observe X-ray signals in space, providing valuable data for scientific analysis.

Global Collaboration: The European Space Agency and Max Planck Institute

The mission is a collaborative effort, with participation from The European Space Agency and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics in Germany. Together, these international entities aim to conduct a high-cadence survey and monitoring of high-energy transient sources, search for cloaked black holes, and study their formation and evolution.

The Quest for New Discoveries: Anticipating Unseen Phenomena :

As the EP mission unfolds, scientists express anticipation about discovering new celestial phenomena and bodies never seen before. Yuan Weimin expresses eagerness in exploring the uncharted realms of the universe, emphasizing the potential for groundbreaking revelations in the realm of astronomy.

Source : Times of India

Published On : January 12, 2024

Which State of United States is Known as “The Centennial State”?

Colorado holds the distinction of being known as “The Centennial State” among the United States. This nickname stems from its admission into the Union in 1876, precisely 100 years after the signing of the Declaration of Independence. Symbolizing both historical significance and patriotic pride, the title highlights Colorado’s role in commemorating the nation’s centennial while underscoring its rich heritage and contributions to American history.

The Origin of the Nickname “The Centennial State” :

Colorado earned the moniker “The Centennial State” due to its admission into the Union in the year 1876. This year held special significance as it marked the centennial anniversary of the signing of the Declaration of Independence, a pivotal event in American history. The timing of Colorado’s statehood celebration perfectly aligned with the nation’s centennial celebrations, hence the fitting nickname.

Published On : May 13, 2024

Q .

International Day of Plant Health 2024 Observed on?

9th May

10th May

11th May

12th May

Correct Answer : Option (D) - 12th May

The International Day of Plant Health (IDPH) is observed annually on 12 May to raise awareness about the critical importance of protecting plant health. This global initiative aims to prevent hunger, reduce poverty, safeguard biodiversity, and promote economic development worldwide. This year, the International Day of Plant Health falls on Sunday, 12 May 2024, coinciding with Mother’s Day, an event that recognizes the love, care, and sacrifices of mothers.

Theme: ‘Plant Health, Safe Trade, Digital Technology’ :

The theme for the International Day of Plant Health 2024 is ‘Plant Health, Safe Trade, Digital Technology.’ This theme emphasizes the need for international collaboration, standards, and the integration of digital technologies to promote plant health and ensure safe trade practices.

History and Significance :

The United Nations established the International Day of Plant Health to draw public attention to the necessity of safeguarding plant health. The resolution was unanimously adopted by the UN General Assembly in March 2022 and co-sponsored by several countries, including Bolivia, Finland, Pakistan, the Philippines, Tanzania, and Zambia.

The resolution highlights the crucial role of healthy plants in sustainable agricultural development, supporting a growing global population by 2050. It also acknowledges the functions of plants in regulating ecosystems, providing food security and nutrition, and promoting biodiversity.

Published On : May 13, 2024

Q .

Which Indian City is Known as 'City of Bridges'?

Mumbai

Pune

Surat

Bengaluru

Correct Answer : Option (C) - Surat

Surat earned the title "City of Bridges" due to its extensive network of over 120 bridges, surpassing any other city in India.

Which Indian City is Known as “City of Bridges”?

The Indian city known as the “City of Bridges” is Surat, located in the state of Gujarat. Surat boasts an impressive number of bridges, surpassing any other city in India. With over 120 bridges spanning rivers and connecting various parts of the city, Surat’s infrastructure facilitates smooth transportation for its residents. This abundance of bridges has earned Surat its distinctive title, highlighting its significance as a hub of connectivity and urban development.

Why is Surat Known as the “City of Bridges”?

Surat earned the title “City of Bridges” due to its extensive network of over 120 bridges, surpassing any other city in India. Situated along the banks of the Tapi River and close to other water bodies, Surat’s strategic location necessitated the construction of numerous bridges for seamless connectivity. These bridges play a vital role in facilitating smooth transportation within the city, earning Surat its reputation as a hub of connectivity and urban development.

Published On : May 13, 2024