The basic parts without which a computer cannot work are as follows:

Processor: It executes instructions from software and hardware.

Memory: It is the primary memory for data transfer between the CPU and storage.

Motherboard: It is the part that connects all other parts or components of a computer.

Storage Device: It permanently stores the data, e.g., hard drive.

Input Device: It allows you to communicate with the computer or to input data, e.g., a keyboard.

Output Device: It enables you to see the output, e.g., monitor.