Correct Answer : Full: (REAR+1) mod n == FRONT, empty: REAR == FRONT
Explanation :
Suppose we start filling the queue.
Let the maxQueueSize ( Capacity of the Queue) is 4.
So the size of the array which is used to implement
this circular queue is 5, which is n.
In the beginning when the queue is empty, FRONT and REAR
point to 0 index in the array.
REAR represents insertion at the REAR index.
FRONT represents deletion from the FRONT index.
enqueue("a"); REAR = (REAR+1)%5; ( FRONT = 0, REAR = 1)
enqueue("b"); REAR = (REAR+1)%5; ( FRONT = 0, REAR = 2)
enqueue("c"); REAR = (REAR+1)%5; ( FRONT = 0, REAR = 3)
enqueue("d"); REAR = (REAR+1)%5; ( FRONT = 0, REAR = 4)
Now the queue size is 4 which is equal to the maxQueueSize.
Hence overflow condition is reached.
Now, we can check for the conditions.
When Queue Full :
( REAR+1)%n = (4+1)%5 = 0
FRONT is also 0.
Hence ( REAR + 1 ) %n is equal to FRONT.
When Queue Empty :
REAR was equal to FRONT when empty ( because in the starting
before filling the queue FRONT = REAR = 0 )
