Erlang has built-in support for distributed computing and fault tolerance across nodes, making it well-suited for developing distributed and highly available systems. Here are some key features and mechanisms Erlang provides for distributed computing and fault tolerance:

1. Distribution Protocol : Erlang nodes can communicate and form a distributed system using a built-in distribution protocol. The distribution protocol allows nodes to discover each other, establish connections, and exchange messages. Nodes can be located on the same physical machine or across different machines in a network.

2. Process Communication : Erlang processes can communicate seamlessly across nodes in a distributed system. The `!` operator for message passing is not limited to processes within the same node but can be used to send messages between processes residing on different nodes. The message passing mechanism remains the same regardless of whether the processes are local or remote.

3. Node Connectivity and Discovery : Erlang provides functions like `net_adm:ping/1` and `net_adm:world/0` to manage connectivity and discover other nodes in the distributed system. Nodes can be manually connected by specifying the names or IP addresses of other nodes, or they can automatically discover and connect to neighboring nodes using the `net_kernel` application.

4. Process Monitoring and Links : Erlang allows processes to monitor and link to processes on remote nodes. Processes can establish links to monitor the status of remote processes and receive notifications in case of failures or termination. This enables fault detection and fault tolerance mechanisms across distributed nodes. 5. Distributed Process Registration : Erlang provides a global process registry mechanism through the `global` module. Processes can be registered with a unique name that is accessible from any node in the distributed system. This allows processes on different nodes to refer to each other by registered names, facilitating communication and coordination.

6. Supervision Trees : Erlang's supervision principle applies to distributed systems as well. Supervision trees can span multiple nodes, where supervisors monitor and manage processes across nodes. If a process on a remote node fails, the supervisor can take appropriate actions, such as restarting the process or triggering failover mechanisms.

7. Node Monitoring and Connection Loss Handling : Erlang provides mechanisms to monitor the connectivity and health of nodes in a distributed system. Nodes can monitor the availability of other nodes using functions like `erlang:monitor_node/2` and receive notifications in case of node failures. When a node connection is lost, Erlang provides facilities to handle the situation, such as performing cleanup actions or initiating failover procedures.

8. Distributed Data Storage : Erlang provides distributed data storage mechanisms like `mnesia` and `riak_core` that allow for distributed and fault-tolerant storage of data across multiple nodes. These storage options provide features like data replication, partitioning, and consistency guarantees to ensure data availability and fault tolerance.