Cold Backup : Cold back is known as taking back up of database files, redo logs, and control file when the instance is shut down. This is a file copy, usually from the disk directly to tape. You must shut down the instance to guarantee a consistent copy.
If a cold backup is performed, the only option available in the event of data file loss is restoring all the files from the latest backup. All the changes that are performed after the last backup is lost.
Hot Backup : Some databases can’t shut down while making a backup copy of the files, so cold backup is not an available option. For these types of database we use hot backup.
