What is Resolving Dependencies in Yii Framework?

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Once you have registered dependencies, you can use the DI container to create new objects, and the container will automatically resolve dependencies by instantiating them and injecting them into the newly created objects. The dependency resolution is recursive, meaning that if a dependency has other dependencies, those dependencies will also be resolved automatically.

You can use get() to either create or get object instance. The method takes a dependency name, which can be a class name, an interface name or an alias name. The dependency name may be registered via set() or setSingleton(). You may optionally provide a list of class constructor parameters and a configuration to configure the newly created object.

For example :

// "db" is a previously registered alias name
$db = $container->get('db');

// equivalent to: $engine = new \app\components\SearchEngine($apiKey, $apiSecret, ['type' => 1]);
$engine = $container->get('app\components\SearchEngine', [$apiKey, $apiSecret], ['type' => 1]);

// equivalent to: $api = new \app\components\Api($host, $apiKey);
$api = $container->get('app\components\Api', ['host' => $host, 'apiKey' => $apiKey]);

Behind the scene, the DI container does much more work than just creating a new object. The container will first inspect the class constructor to find out dependent class or interface names and then automatically resolve those dependencies recursively.

The following code shows a more sophisticated example. The UserLister class depends on an object implementing the UserFinderInterface interface; the UserFinder class implements this interface and depends on a Connection object. All these dependencies are declared through type hinting of the class constructor parameters. With proper dependency registration, the DI container is able to resolve these dependencies automatically and creates a new UserLister instance with a simple call of get('userLister').

namespace app\models;

use yii\base\BaseObject;
use yii\db\Connection;
use yii\di\Container;

interface UserFinderInterface
{
    function findUser();
}

class UserFinder extends BaseObject implements UserFinderInterface
{
    public $db;

    public function __construct(Connection $db, $config = [])
    {
        $this->db = $db;
        parent::__construct($config);
    }

    public function findUser()
    {
    }
}

class UserLister extends BaseObject
{
    public $finder;

    public function __construct(UserFinderInterface $finder, $config = [])
    {
        $this->finder = $finder;
        parent::__construct($config);
    }
}

$container = new Container;
$container->set('yii\db\Connection', [
    'dsn' => '...',
]);
$container->set('app\models\UserFinderInterface', [
    'class' => 'app\models\UserFinder',
]);
$container->set('userLister', 'app\models\UserLister');

$lister = $container->get('userLister');

// which is equivalent to:

$db = new \yii\db\Connection(['dsn' => '...']);
$finder = new UserFinder($db);
$lister = new UserLister($finder);