Daily & Latest Current Affairs in 2025

Correct Answer :   Kochi

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India reaffirms its commitment to safeguarding Antarctica’s delicate ecosystem and advancing scientific exploration in the region. The Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Government of India, in collaboration with the National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research (NCPOR), is set to host the 46th Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting (ATCM 46) and the 26th Meeting of the Committee for Environmental Protection (CEP 26) from May 20 to 30, 2024, in Kochi, Kerala.

Antarctic Treaty :

The Antarctic Treaty, enacted in 1959 and enforced in 1961, designates Antarctica as a zone dedicated to peace, scientific collaboration, and environmental preservation. Over 56 countries have ratified the Treaty, showcasing global support for its principles.

Committee for Environmental Protection (CEP) :

Established under the Madrid Protocol in 1991, the CEP advises the ATCM on environmental conservation and protection in Antarctica. India, a Consultative Party since 1983, actively contributes to the decision-making process alongside 28 other Consultative Parties.

India’s Involvement :

India’s participation in the ATCM underscores its dedication to Antarctic affairs. With two year-round research stations – Maitri (1989) and Bharati (2012) – India conducts vital scientific expeditions in Antarctica.

Upcoming Meetings :

ATCM 46 and CEP 26 will convene in Kochi, Kerala, providing a forum to address ongoing challenges in Antarctica and foster collaboration in environmental preservation and scientific research.

Correct Answer :   Rs 5,215 Crore

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Indian Oil Corporation (IOC) has announced a significant investment of Rs 5,215 crore to develop 1 gigawatt (GW) of renewable energy capacity in India. This strategic move aligns with IOC’s broader diversification strategy beyond traditional oil and gas ventures.

Investment Plan

* The investment plan, approved by the board, focuses on establishing standalone ground-mounted solar, onshore wind, or wind-solar hybrid projects.
* IOC will inject Rs 1,304 crore in equity for this initiative.
* The projects will be implemented through a proposed wholly-owned subsidiary dedicated to low-carbon, clean energy ventures.

Expansion Beyond Oil and Gas

* Indian Oil Corp is actively expanding its footprint beyond oil and gas, venturing into solar, wind, hydrogen, and electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure.
* Plans are underway to provide EV charging facilities at 10,000 fuel stations, alongside the rollout of EV battery-swapping facilities in key regions.

Strategic Partnerships

* Recently, IOC signed a preliminary pact with Panasonic to establish a joint venture for manufacturing lithium-ion cells, catering to the two- and three-wheeler market.
* Additionally, a joint venture with Isr IOC arm is in progress to bolster the renewable energy capacity, underscoring IOC’s commitment to sustainable energy solutions.

Path to Net-Zero

* IOC aims to achieve net-zero operational emissions by 2046, demonstrating its commitment to environmental sustainability and combating climate change.
* The formation of a new subsidiary in the green energy segment is underway, subject to regulatory approvals, to support IOC’s net-zero targets and renewable energy initiatives.

Correct Answer :   Kathmandu

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The Ministry of Health and Population of Nepal has urged residents to wear masks due to the alarming increase in air pollution levels in the Kathmandu valley. According to IQAir, an organization that measures real-time pollution in 101 cities worldwide, Kathmandu has been ranked as the most polluted city globally.

Pollution Rankings :

* Kathmandu tops the list of cities with ‘unhealthy air’ in the world.

* New Delhi, Chiang Mai (Thailand), Hanoi (Vietnam), Bangkok (Thailand), and Dhaka (Bangladesh) follow in the ranking for most polluted cities.
Health Advisory

* The Ministry has advised the public to avoid unnecessary outdoor activities, refrain from traveling, and stay away from highly polluted areas. The high levels of air pollutants in Kathmandu pose significant health risks.

Impact on Health :

* Air pollution can have severe consequences, affecting the heart, blood vessels, lungs, brain, eyes, nose, ears, and throat. It also increases the risk of asthma, cancer, and other diseases. Children under five, pregnant women, chronically ill individuals, and the elderly are particularly vulnerable, accounting for a high number of annual deaths due to air pollution in Nepal.

* Alarmingly, air pollution has reduced the average life expectancy of Nepalese by 4.1%.

Summer Heat Advisory :

* With the possibility of heatwaves in the Terai region during summer, the Ministry has also requested people to avoid unnecessary outdoor activities during the day, stay hydrated by drinking more water, and consume liquid foods.

Increased Hospital Admissions :

* According to the Ministry of Health and Population, the number of patients admitted to hospitals and health facilities across the country has increased due to the growing summer heat and pollution.

* As the air quality crisis deepens in Kathmandu, authorities are urging residents to take necessary precautions and follow advisories to safeguard their health and well-being.

Correct Answer :   May 1st

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International Labour Day, also known as May Day or Workers’ Day, is celebrated on Wednesday, May 1st, 2024. This annual observance honours the contributions and achievements of workers worldwide and promotes their rights and opportunities.

The origins of Labor Day can be traced back to the late 19th century when trade unions and socialist groups designated May 1st as a day to support workers’ demands for better working conditions, fair wages, and shorter working hours.

The pivotal moment in labour history occurred on May 1st, 1886, in the United States, when labour unions initiated a strike advocating for an eight-hour workday. The strike culminated in the tragic events of Haymarket Square in Chicago on May 4th, 1886, where a peaceful rally turned violent, resulting in casualties among civilians and police officers.

Theme for International Labour Day 2024 :

Every year, the theme is announced by international labour organisations like the International Labour Organization (ILO). This year, the focus is on ensuring safety and health at work in a changing climate.

Significance and Celebrations :

Labour Day is celebrated with various events and festivities worldwide, including parades, marches, speeches, and cultural performances. These celebrations serve to honor the contributions of workers and the labour movement, and in many countries, it is observed as a national public holiday.

The annual observance serves as a powerful reminder of the ongoing struggle for social justice and the crucial role that workers play in the fabric of our societies. By recognizing the hard work and sacrifices of the labour force, we can collectively work towards a future where decent work and social justice are the cornerstones of a thriving global economy.

May Day in India :

In India, the first May Day celebrations were organized in Chennai on May 1st, 1923, by the Labour Kisan Party of Hindustan, led by Comrade Singaravelar. Two significant meetings were arranged to honour this occasion, marking the beginning of India’s recognition of this important day.

Today, various labour unions, political parties, and organizations across India organize rallies, seminars, and cultural programs to commemorate Labor Day and highlight the issues and concerns of workers in the country.

As we approach International Labor Day 2024, let us reflect on the progress made in securing workers’ rights and strive to create a more equitable and just society for all.

Correct Answer :   Cred

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Fintech company 'Cred' has launched a UPI-based ‘Scan and Pay’ service that enables members to use any QR code for payments directly from their bank accounts.

The launch move marks Cred's foray into the offline payments space dominated by PhonePe, Google Pay, and Paytm.

Cred has been pushing its UPI (Unified Payments Interface) payments feature aggressively. The company said the feature will be convenient to make offline retail payments at large format stores. Such stores comprise supermarkets, fast-food joints, beauty salons, fashion boutiques, and various lifestyle retailers. The focus is on merchants with substantial average transaction amounts and whose patrons predominantly opt for credit card payments, it said.

Regardless of the payment method used, Cred will offer users rewards for each transaction. Users may deduct these benefits from their credit card expenses.

Large merchants can apply for a device that comes in various forms: A portable "pocket" device, a "kiosk" tailored for high-traffic areas, or a dynamic QR code display unit. The "kiosk" enables walk-in customers to independently place orders and conduct payments via UPI directly through the device.

According to a statement from the company, the latest terminals empower merchants to provide personalised and focused rewards tailored to specific user demographics, card types, and transaction patterns. Additionally, the interoperability feature of UPI allows all users to make payments via Cred checkout terminals from any compatible application.

Last year, the company launched Cred Pay allowing payment features like online merchant payments and bill payments.

Cred is leveraging its existing user base and rewards program to drive adoption of its offline payments service and compete with the market leaders..

Source : Business Standard

Correct Answer :   May 1st

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Maharashtra Day, also known as Maharashtra Divas, is celebrated every year on May 1st to commemorate the formation of the state in 1960. Maharashtra was carved out of the Bombay Presidency and declared a separate state on this historic day. Present-day Gujarat constitutes the other part of the former Bombay state. The division was a result of the States Reorganisation Act of 1956, which aimed to reorganize states based on linguistic boundaries, following massive protests for linguistic states.

Maharashtra Diwas 2024 – Date :

Maharashtra Day, also known as Maharashtra Diwas, is celebrated annually on May 1st, marking the formation of the state of Maharashtra in 1960. This date holds immense importance for the Marathi people, serving as a reminder of their unity, resilience, and cultural heritage.

Maharashtra Foundation Day 2024 – History :

May 1st carries a dual significance as it is also celebrated as International Labour Day worldwide and Gujarat Day in India. The historical backdrop of Maharashtra’s formation is rooted in the linguistic reorganization of states following India’s independence. Bombay, comprising Marathi, Gujarati, Konkani, and Kutchi speakers, faced challenges due to linguistic disparities, leading to agitation for statehood based on linguistic lines.

The State Recognition Act of 1956 acknowledged Bombay as a multilingual state. However, the linguistic diversity caused disturbances and complexities. Movements like the Samyukta Maharashtra Movement and the Mahagujarat Movement emerged, demanding the division of Bombay into separate states for Marathi and Gujarati speakers. These movements culminated in the formation of Maharashtra and Gujarat on May 1, 1960.

Significance of Maharashtra Diwas :

Maharashtra Day is a moment for introspection, highlighting the state’s strides in agriculture, industry, and education. It represents the victory of linguistic identity and regional aspirations, emphasizing cultural unity amid diversity. The day is deeply meaningful, honoring Maharashtra’s cultural heritage and its contributions to literature, art, music, and social reform. Maharashtra Day fosters inclusivity and solidarity, uniting people from various backgrounds to celebrate the state’s achievements in a spirit of collective pride and appreciation.

How is Maharashtra Foundation Day Celebrated?

Maharashtra Day celebrations are marked by a variety of events and activities that showcase the state’s culture, traditions, and achievements. Flag hoisting ceremonies, parades, cultural programs, and exhibitions are organized across Maharashtra. These festivities serve as a platform to recognize and honor individuals who have contributed significantly to the state’s progress and development.

The day also witnesses gatherings at prominent landmarks like Shivaji Park in Dadar, Mumbai, where people gather to participate in cultural events and pay homage to Maharashtra’s heritage. Traditional attire, folk dances like Lavani, and musical performances add vibrancy to the celebrations, fostering a sense of pride and unity among the people.

Correct Answer :   May 1st

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Gujarat Day, celebrated on May 1st, commemorates the formation of the vibrant state of Gujarat on May 1st, 1960. This annual occasion reflects Gujarat’s rich cultural heritage, resilience, and contributions to India’s cultural mosaic. With a history steeped in tradition and progress, Gujarat Day serves as a reminder of the state’s journey towards independence and its ongoing pursuit of growth and prosperity.

Gujarat Foundation Day 2024 – Date :

Gujarat Foundation Day, also known as Gujarat Day, is celebrated annually on May 1st to commemorate the formation of the state in 1960. This vibrant occasion marks a significant milestone in the history of Gujarat and is observed with great enthusiasm across the region.

Gujarat Foundation Day 2024 – History :

Gujarat was carved out of the Bombay State on May 1, 1960, following the enactment of the Bombay Reorganisation Act. This legislative move acknowledged the distinct cultural and linguistic identity of Gujarat, paving the way for its emergence as an independent state. Since then, Gujarat Foundation Day has been celebrated to honor the state’s rich heritage and achievements.

Significance of Gujarat Foundation Day :

Gujarat Foundation Day resonates deeply as it honors not just the state’s inception but also its dynamic culture, storied heritage, and impactful imprint on India’s cultural landscape. It stands as a poignant testament to Gujarat’s past, emphasizing its lasting legacy and the indomitable spirit of its populace. This celebration serves to remind us of Gujarat’s profound history while celebrating its ongoing contributions and the resilience ingrained within its people.

How is Gujarat Foundation Day Celebrated?

Gujarat Day is celebrated with great fervor, featuring a myriad of cultural programs and activities that showcase the state’s diverse heritage. Folk dances, traditional music performances, and vibrant processions are organized to highlight Gujarat’s cultural vibrancy and artistic traditions.

Special exhibitions and fairs are also held to showcase the art, crafts, and cuisine of Gujarat, providing a platform for artisans and craftsmen to display their talents. Additionally, government buildings and monuments are illuminated, adding to the festive ambiance and marking the occasion in a grand manner.

Gujarat Foundation Day 2024 – Wishes

* On this beautiful day, I pray Gujarat shines bright and brings even more success to our beloved state.
* Let’s wish Gujarat a year full of prosperity, progress, and success. Happy Gujarat Day.
* May this day bring unity, and joy, and achieve success. Wishing a Happy Gujarat Day 2024.
* Wishing a blessed and joyful Gujarat day to all Gujraties around the world.
* Happy Gujarat Day to all! May the state shine bright and reach new heights of development.
* Best wishes to Gujarat on its foundation day. May the state continue to produce leaders in business and politics.
* Cheers to the people of Gujrat! May the state achieve greater growth in the upcoming years.
* Happy Gujarat Day to all Gujratis! Warm greetings and best wishes from our side.
* Gujrat is a state of innovation and hard work. Let’s keep these values alive for a brighter future. Happy Gujarat Day.

Correct Answer :   Visakhapatnam

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India boasts a myriad of cities, each with its own unique identity. Some are known for their culinary delights, while others for their architecture or rich history. Among these, there are cities distinguished by special monikers that resonate globally. In this article, we delve into one such city in India known as the “City of Destiny.”

Which Indian City is Known as “City of Destiny”?

The “City of Destiny” in India refers to Visakhapatnam, situated in the state of Andhra Pradesh. Renowned for its coastal beauty and strategic importance, Visakhapatnam emerged as a prominent urban center. Originally named Waltair, the city came under British control in 1804. Notable for its industrial growth and political significance, it earned its moniker during the tenure of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, further solidifying its global recognition.

Why is Vishakhapatnam Known as “City of Destiny”?

Visakhapatnam earned the moniker “City of Destiny” due to its significant historical, industrial, and political contributions. Once known as Waltair under British rule, it evolved into a vital port city. Its coastal location facilitated trade and commerce, attracting settlers and traders alike. The inauguration of the Visakhapatnam Steel Plant by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi in 1970 cemented its industrial importance, leading to its renowned status as the “City of Destiny.”

Significance of “City of Destiny”

The title “City of Destiny” holds immense significance for Visakhapatnam, symbolizing its pivotal role in India’s growth and development. It encapsulates the city’s rich history, from its colonial past to its emergence as a thriving industrial hub. This moniker acknowledges Visakhapatnam’s strategic importance, both geopolitically and economically, highlighting its enduring influence on India’s trajectory and its status as a beacon of progress and opportunity.

The Story Behind the “City of Destiny”

Visakhapatnam, or Vizag as it is colloquially called, has a rich tapestry of stories woven into its history. Initially named Waltair, the city fell under complete British control in 1804. Situated by the sea, Visakhapatnam emerged as a vital port city, attracting traders and settlers alike.

Due to its coastal location, the city became a hub for trade and commerce, drawing many British residents who built bungalows along its shores. They often frequented the area for leisure, enjoying the serene natural vistas.

In 1962, India’s first female Prime Minister, Indira Gandhi, graced Visakhapatnam with her presence to inaugurate the city’s first children’s park. At the time, she held ministerial positions in parliament, demonstrating the city’s political significance.

In 1970, as Indira Gandhi assumed the role of India’s Prime Minister, she revisited Visakhapatnam to inaugurate the Visakhapatnam Steel Plant, further solidifying the city’s industrial prowess. It was during this time that Visakhapatnam earned its moniker as the “City of Destiny,” a title immortalized by the media, elevating its global recognition.

Correct Answer :   Dinesh Kumar

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Justice (retired) Dinesh Kumar took charge as the Presiding Officer of the Securities Appellate Tribunal (SAT) on 29 April 2024. The government of India appointed Justice Dinesh Kumar for a four-year term. Before taking over as the presiding officer of SAT, Justice Dinesh Kumar was the chief justice of the Karnataka High Court. He retired from the post in February 2024.

* The SAT has been functioning without a presiding officer for the last four months, as the last presiding officer, Justice Tarun Aggarwal, retired in December 2023.

* Dheeraj Bhatnagar also took charge as the technical member of the tribunal. He has been appointed for a term of four years or till he reaches the age of 67, whichever is earlier. Dheeraj Bhatnagar retired as principal chief commissioner of Income Tax Delhi. The other member of the three-member SAT is Meera Swarup.

About Securities Appellate Tribunal

The Securities Appellate Tribunal is a statutory body established in 1992 under the provisions of the Securities Exchange Board of India Act 1992.

Functions of SAT :

The Securities Appellate Tribunal was set up to replace the High Court. It hears appeals against the following financial regulators.

Composition of SAT :

* The SAT consists of a Presiding Officer and other judicial and technical members.

* The central government has the power to prescribe the total number of members of the SAT, which currently consists of three members, including the Presiding officer.

The Presiding Officer qualification;

* The person must be; Retired or a sitting judge of the Supreme Court

Or

* Chief Justice of a High Court

Judicial Member qualification

A person to be appointed for the post of judicial member must possess the following qualification:

Correct Answer :   April 27th, 2024

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Vinay Vir, a renowned journalist, publisher, and editor of the Daily Hindi Milap, passed away on Saturday, April 27th, 2024, at the age of 72. He was a champion for the Hindi language in South India and a respected figure in the journalism community.

A Champion for Hindi in the South :

Vinay Vir was known for his dedication to promoting Hindi journalism in southern India. His editing and management style were admired for enriching the language and elevating the Daily Hindi Milap to new heights. He was a true advocate for the growth of Hindi, and his contributions will be remembered whenever discussions about the language’s success in South India arise.

Born into a Legacy of Activism :

Vinay Vir came from a family with a strong history of activism. His parents, Yudhvir and Sita Yudhvir, were both prominent figures. Yudhvir was a journalist himself, and Sita Yudhvir served two terms as a Rajya Sabha member. Vinay Vir inherited their passion for making a positive impact.

A Scholar and Philanthropist :

Vinay Vir was not only a journalist but also a well-educated man. He studied at Badruka College and later became the secretary of the Yudhvir Foundation, established in his father’s memory. This foundation honors individuals who have achieved significant success in their respective fields.

A Guiding Light for the Daily Hindi Milap :

Vinay Vir took over the editorship of the Daily Hindi Milap in 1991 after his father’s passing. Under his leadership, the newspaper flourished. He was a respected figure within the organization and the journalism community as a whole.