Correct Answer :   Ravi Gupta

---

Senior IPS officer Ravi Gupta was on Sunday (3rd Dec 2023) given the full additional charge of Director General of Police of Telangana following the suspension of incumbent Anjani Kumar by the Election Commission for violation of the model code of conduct.

Ravi Gupta is currently the Director General of the Anti-Corruption Bureau (ACB).

"Ravi Gupta is placed in a full additional charge to the post of DGP, Head of Police Force (HoPF) of Telangana, with immediate effect, until further orders", Telangana Chief Secretary A Santhi Kumari said in a Government Order.

The Election Commission on Sunday (3rd Dec 2023) ordered the suspension of Telangana DGP Anjani Kumar for violation of the MCC as the counting of votes was underway in the state, sources said.

They said the DGP, along with state police nodal officer Sanjay Jain and nodal officer (expenditure) Mahesh Bhagwat, met Anumula Revanth Reddy, the state Congress president and a candidate, with a bouquet at his residence in Hyderabad amid the counting of votes...

Source : NDTV

Correct Answer :   Narendra Modi

---

Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Monday (4th Dec 2023) unveiled the statue of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj at Rajkot Fort in Maharashtra's Sindhudurg district.

Modi paid homage to the rich maritime heritage of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj who constructed several coastal and sea forts, including the Sindhudurg Fort.

The Maratha empire founder's seal inspired the new naval ensign that was adopted last year when PM Modi commissioned the first indigenous aircraft carrier, INS Vikrant.

Later on Monday, PM Modi is scheduled to witness the operational demonstration by Indian Navy on the occasion of Navy Day..

Source : Outlook India

Correct Answer :   13.69 Crore

---

Tap water supply has reached around 13.69 Crore households under the Jal Jeevan Mission - Har Ghar Jal. This covers 71 percent of total rural households, up from 17 per cent in 2019.

According to a data released by the Ministry of Jal Shakti, nine states and union territories including Goa, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Telangana, Puducherry, and Andaman and Nicobar Islands, have reported to have provided tap water connection to all rural households in their respective domains as on September 2023.

Source : AIR

Correct Answer :   Kenya

---

President of Kenya, William Samoei Ruto arrived in New Delhi 4th Dec 2023 on a three-day visit to India. He is being accompanied by a high-level official delegation.

This is President Ruto’s first visit to India in his present capacity. He will be accorded a ceremonial welcome at the forecourt of Rashtrapati Bhawan tomorrow.

President Ruto will hold detailed discussions with Prime Minister Narendra Modi later in the afternoon tomorrow.

Then he will meet President Droupadi Murmu in the evening. A State Banquet will be hosted by President Murmu in honour of the visiting dignitary.
 
The Kenyan President will also participate in a business and investment event in New Delhi. A Presidential visit from Kenya is taking place after a period of over six years. The visit is expected to strengthen the bilateral relations between the two countries..

Source : AIR

Correct Answer :   49th

---

The International Institute for Management Development (IMD) unveiled its 2023 World Digital Competitiveness Ranking (WDCR) on Friday (1st Dec 2023), revealing India's position at 49th among 64 economies.

According to IMD's study, India has made significant in terms of cybersecurity knowledge but lacks on fronts like technology and future readiness.

The WDCR is a comprehensive assessment that provides insights into how nations are navigating the digital landscape amid the rise of artificial intelligence (AI). This ranking sheds light on crucial elements contributing to a nation's digital prowess, a quality gaining paramount importance as technology continues to reshape societies globally.

According to IMD, the United States has reclaimed the top spot in this year's ranking, solidifying its position as a "digital nation" that actively integrates digital technologies, including AI, across governmental, corporate, and individual domains. The Netherlands secured the second position, advancing four places, while Singapore, leading in the technology factor, secured the third spot.

Denmark, the previous overall leader, slipped to fourth place due to declines in future readiness and technology factors. Switzerland, excelling in the knowledge factor, maintained its top position, completing the top five.

In the Asia-Pacific region, India has descended to the 12th position among 14 countries, a drop from its consistent 11th place in the previous four years. On a global scale, among the 27 nations with populations exceeding 20 million, India now ranks 18th, a decline of two positions from the previous year.

Examining India's performance, the nation showcased improvements in cybersecurity knowledge, particularly in talent, training, and education. However, a sub-factor in scientific concentration experienced a setback. Notably, strengths were evident in graduates in sciences and research and development productivity by publication.

In the technology domain, India secured the 50th spot, with challenges in enforcing contracts, wireless broadband, and internet users. On the positive side, investments in telecommunications, along with IT and media stock market capitalisation, emerged as notable strengths.

Future readiness parameters placed India at 51st, highlighting weaknesses in tablet possession, internet retailing, and E-governance. Meanwhile, the distribution of world robots stood out as a strength.

A parallel report from the World Bank identified five countries—China, Brazil, India, Indonesia, and Vietnam—as responsible for 75% of the world's total digital infrastructure investment in 2023, capturing an impressive $68.3 billion..


Source : CNBC

Correct Answer :   Indonesia

---

Indonesia’s Marapi volcano in West Sumatra province erupted on Sunday (3rd Dec 2023), spewing volcanic ash as high as 3,000 metres into the air.

According to country’s disaster management agency BNPB, the 2,891-metre-high volcano erupted at 2.54 p.m. Authorities said that volcanic ash was dispersed at high intensity to nearby districts.

Pictures from BNPB showed cars and roads covered with ash. Authorities have barred residents and visitors from carrying out any activities within 3 kilometres of the crater, and have set the second-highes alert level for Marapi mountain. Indonesia sits on the Pacific’s so-called “Ring of Fire” and has 127 active volcanoes..

Source : AIR

Correct Answer :   December 2nd

---

The International Day for the Abolition of Slavery, observed annually on December 2nd, marks a significant moment in global history. It is a day dedicated to remembering and acknowledging the brutal history of slavery and the ongoing impacts of its legacy.

The day originates from the United Nations General Assembly’s adoption of the Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others on December 2, 1949. This day serves as a poignant reminder of the enduring struggle against slavery and its modern forms.


The Evolution of Slavery: From Past to Present : Historically, slavery was a systematic institution where individuals were treated as property, bought, and sold, often enduring unimaginable hardships. This practice dates back thousands of years, spanning numerous civilizations and cultures. However, modern slavery has taken different forms, including human trafficking, forced labor, and the exploitation of children in various industries. Today, it is a hidden crime that affects millions globally, transcending borders, ages, and nationalities.


Global Efforts in Eradicating Slavery : In response to this ongoing crisis, international organizations and governments worldwide have implemented various measures aimed at combating modern slavery. The United Nations, through its agencies like the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), has been at the forefront of these efforts. They work towards enforcing labor standards, raising awareness, and supporting victims. National governments have also been instrumental in enacting laws and creating task forces to address these issues within their borders.


The Role of Awareness and Education : Raising awareness and educating the public about the realities of modern slavery is vital in combating this issue. Awareness campaigns, educational programs, and community involvement are crucial in identifying, preventing, and reporting instances of slavery. These initiatives also play a significant role in changing societal attitudes and behaviors that perpetuate slavery.


The Impact of Technology in Combating Slavery : Advancements in technology have provided new tools in the fight against slavery. From blockchain to enhance supply chain transparency to AI-driven platforms for identifying victims, technology is proving to be an invaluable ally. Social media and digital platforms also play a significant role in spreading awareness and mobilizing support against slavery.

Challenges in Eradicating Modern Slavery : Despite significant progress, numerous challenges remain in the fight against modern slavery. These include insufficient funding, lack of accurate data, corruption, and the hidden nature of these crimes. Addressing these challenges requires a multi-faceted approach, involving cooperation between governments, NGOs, the private sector, and civil society.


The Power of Collective Action : Collective action is fundamental in the fight against slavery. This involves partnerships between various stakeholders, including governments, international organizations, NGOs, the private sector, and the general public. By working together, these groups can share resources, expertise, and strategies to make a more substantial impact.


Remembering the Victims : On the International Day for the Abolition of Slavery, it is crucial to honor and remember the victims of slavery, both past and present. This day is not only about acknowledging the dark history of slavery but also about recognizing the resilience and strength of those who have suffered and continue to suffer under its yoke.


Looking Forward: The Path to a Slavery-Free World :

* The journey towards a world free of slavery is ongoing. It requires sustained effort, commitment, and a global understanding that slavery in any form is unacceptable. As we commemorate the International Day for the Abolition of Slavery in 2023, let us renew our commitment to this cause and work towards a future where freedom and dignity are universal rights.

* In conclusion, the International Day for the Abolition of Slavery serves as a crucial reminder of our collective responsibility to combat slavery in all its forms. Through education, awareness, technology, and collective action, we can make significant strides towards eradicating this heinous practice. Let us stand united in this fight for freedom and justice for all.


Important takeaways for all competitive exams :

* International Labour Organization (ILO) Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland;
* International Labour Organization (ILO) Head: Gilbert F. Houngbo;
* International Labour Organization (ILO) Established Year: 1919;
* United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) Headquarters: Vienna, Austria;
* United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) Head: Ghada Waly;
* United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) Established Year: 1997.

Correct Answer :   59th

---

The Border Security Force (BSF) celebrated its 59th raising day on 1st December. This significant organization plays a pivotal role in ensuring the security of India’s borders with Pakistan and Bangladesh. Established in the aftermath of the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965, the BSF’s motto, “जीवन पर्यन्त कर्तव्य” (Duty Unto Death), reflects its unwavering commitment to safeguarding the nation.


Organizational Growth and Structure :

* Historical Background : Initially formed with 25 battalions, the BSF has witnessed substantial growth and currently comprises 192 battalions and approximately 270,000 personnel.

* Specialized Units : Beyond its core battalions, the BSF houses specialized units, including air and naval wings, as well as an artillery regiment, enhancing its operational capabilities.


Roles and Mandates :

* During Peacetime : Primary Objectives: The BSF’s core responsibilities during peacetime encompass border security, thwarting trans-border crimes such as smuggling and unauthorized entry, anti-infiltration efforts, intelligence gathering, and ensuring the well-being of border residents.

* Legal Authority : The BSF operates under the Border Security Force Act, 1968, and is governed by the Ministry of Home Affairs.

* During Wartime : War-Time Functions: In times of conflict, the BSF assumes vital roles, including holding ground in assigned sectors, undertaking limited offensive actions against irregular enemy forces, and providing support to the army in border regions.

Historical Significance :

* Formation Necessity : The BSF’s establishment was necessitated by the inadequacy of State Armed Police in dealing with armed aggression, as highlighted during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965.

* Key Contributors : Eminent figures like K.F. Rustamji, an Indian Police Service (IPS) officer, played pivotal roles in the early leadership of the BSF.


Geopolitical and Tactical Engagements :

* Involvement in Conflicts : The BSF actively participated in significant conflicts, notably the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, where it played a crucial role in the Liberation of Bangladesh.

* Adaptation to Changing Conditions : Over the years, the BSF’s operational focus evolved, shifting from the Punjab region to Jammu and Kashmir, where it engaged in counter-insurgency and counter-terrorism operations.


Specialized Units and Modernization :

* Special Detachments : The BSF boasts specialized units such as the Creek Crocodile commando force and the Camel Contingent, each serving unique purposes along different border sections.

* Force Modernization : The organization places a strong emphasis on modernization efforts, including equipping its personnel with All-Terrain Vehicles (ATVs) and specialized equipment to enhance its effectiveness.

The Border Security Force stands as a stalwart guardian of India’s borders, committed to its motto of “Duty Unto Death” and evolving to meet the challenges of an ever-changing security landscape.

Correct Answer :   1st Dec 2023

---

Sandra Day O’Connor, the first woman on the United States Supreme Court, a rancher’s daughter who wielded great power over American law from her seat at the center of the court’s ideological spectrum, died on Friday (1st Dec 2023) in Phoenix. She was 93.

The Supreme Court announced her death in a statement, saying the cause was complications of dementia. She grew up in Arizona and lived there most of her life.

In a public letter she released in October 2018, when she was 88, the former justice, who had not been seen in public for some time, announced that she had been diagnosed with the beginning stages of dementia, “probably Alzheimer’s disease,” and consequently was withdrawing from public life.


Early Life and Legal Career :

* Sandra Day O’Connor was born on March 26, 1930, in El Paso, Texas.
* She earned her Bachelor of Arts and Juris Doctor degrees from Stanford University.
* O’Connor faced significant challenges as a female lawyer in a male-dominated profession during the mid-20th century.

Appointment to the Supreme Court :

* President Ronald Reagan appointed Sandra Day O’Connor to the U.S. Supreme Court in 1981.
* She became the first woman to serve as a justice on the nation’s highest court.


Key Supreme Court Decisions :

* O’Connor played a pivotal role in several landmark decisions during her tenure.
* One of her notable contributions was the majority opinion in Planned Parenthood v. Casey, a case related to abortion rights.
* She was known for her moderate and pragmatic approach to legal issues.


Retirement and Impact :

* Sandra Day O’Connor retired from the Supreme Court in 2006.
* Her retirement allowed President George W. Bush to nominate Justice Samuel Alito as her successor.


Legacy and Influence :

* Sandra Day O’Connor’s legacy includes breaking the gender barrier on the Supreme Court.
* She is remembered for her commitment to judicial independence and her dedication to the rule of law..

Source : NY Times

Correct Answer :   Bihar

---

Bihar government Friday (1st Dec 2023) launched its ambitious scheme to minimise school dropout. The scheme, called Mission Daksh (Dynamic Approach for Knowledge and Skill) aims at offering special Hindi, Mathematics and English classes to weak students of classes 3-8 across the state.

A teacher will teach only five students, who cannot read and write Hindi and English fluently and are not good at basic Mathematics.


District-Wise Monitoring for ‘Mission Daksh’ :

* To ensure the effective implementation of ‘Mission Daksh,’ district-wise monitoring committees, led by district magistrates, will oversee the program’s progress.

* The committees will play a pivotal role in daily supervision starting from December 1, 2023.

* Following inspections that identified a considerable number of academically weak students during regular monitoring, the department prioritizes the identification of such students.

* ‘Mission Daksh’ focuses on addressing the individual needs of these students to enhance their academic performance.

Personalized Learning Approach :

* Extra classes, held post-lunch with no more than five students at a time, will be conducted by teachers.

* This targeted approach aims to provide individualized attention, allowing teachers to tailor their methods to the unique needs of each academically weak student.

* All identified students are expected to take their final examinations in April 2024.

* The Education Department emphasizes that if these students fail, strict departmental action will be taken against headmasters, principals, and teachers.


Bihar’s Ongoing Commitment to Education Reform :

* The ‘Mission Daksh’ initiative aligns with the Nitish Kumar government’s broader efforts to enhance the quality of education in Bihar.

* This initiative follows previous measures, including interactions with parents of students with low attendance, demonstrating the government’s commitment to addressing educational challenges at multiple levels.

Source : Indian Express