Correct Answer :   Guinea-Bissau

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Guinea-Bissau's President Umaro Sissoco Embalo has reappointed Geraldo Martins as prime minister after dissolving his government last week, he said in a statement on Tuesday (12th Dec 2023).

* Martins was first appointed PM in August after serving as finance minister in a previous government. He is a member of the former ruling PAIGC party which now leads an opposition coalition.

* The opposition coalition won a majority in legislative elections in June, but Embalo dissolved the parliament last week, accusing it of "passivity" in response to what he said was an attempted coup.

* A date for new elections has yet to be announced.

* Coups and unrest have been commonplace in Guinea-Bissau since it gained independence from Portugal in 1974.

* Under the current political system, the majority party or coalition appoints the government but the president has the power to dismiss it in certain circumstances, often leading to political deadlock..


Source : Reuters

Correct Answer :   ICICI Bank

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iVIS a subsidiary of Magellanic Cloud, has announced its empanelment with ICICI Bank for the delivery of e-surveillance services across branches.

This strategic collaboration enables iVIS to offer AI/ML and IoT technology-enabled e-surveillance services, which will include real-time video monitoring and recording, facial recognition, incident detection, reporting, and data analytics.

iVIS will strengthen the branch-level security operations of ICICI Bank, such as ATMs and cash counter operations, with real-time threat mitigation, remote security management, and automated response systems. iVis is skilled in its e-surveillance segment, with a centre in its Hyderabad office that oversees 20,000 ATMs and banking sites across the country.

Commenting on the empanelment, Joseph Sudheer Reddy Thumma, CEO of Magellanic Cloud, said, “The partnership between iVIS, Magellanic Cloud’s subsidiary, and ICICI Bank brings a convergence of cutting-edge technologies to the realm of advanced e-surveillance. This will ensure that clients receive the highest quality services and solutions, backed by a wealth of experience. We are thrilled to embark on this transformative journey with ICICI Bank, and we are poised to elevate the bank’s security infrastructure.”

Expressing his thoughts about the association, Murali Mohan Rachapoodi, Co-Founder of iVIS said, “iVIS a leader in e-surveillance is excited to deliver holistic security solutions that incorporate cutting-edge features such as Video analytics based remote surveillance, cloud processing and storage, operational insights, actionable intelligence complimented by alarm triggers in real-time. Our services will elevate ICICI Bank’s branch services, ensuring an enhanced experience for customers while proactively deterring suspicious activities. We are committed to providing comprehensive security solutions using our AI/ML and IoT capabilities with real-time threat mitigation.”

Magellanic Cloud has achieved fivefold growth from production to commissioning through its subsidiary iVIS by making use of technology and automation to build efficiency and scale production..

Source : IBS Intelligence

Correct Answer :   IndiGo

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IndiGo, India's largest airline, has received approval to establish an aircraft leasing venture in IFSC Gift City.

* The parent company, Interglobe Aviation, plans to invest around ₹11,500 crore in the segment over the next five years. The funds will come from promoter investments.

* The new venture, named Interglobe Aviation Financial Services IFSC Private Limited, will focus on operating leasing, financial leasing, and other related services for aircraft.

* It will also offer lease arrangements, sale and leaseback, asset management, and various transactions related to aircraft and aircraft engine leases. The end customers for their services will be the DTA entity of their Group company. The estimated value for the export of services over five years is projected at ₹11,563 crore.

* The proposed premises for the leasing company will span 15 square meters. IndiGo has an order book of 980 aircraft and had previously announced its intention to establish a presence in IFSC Gift City in September 2023.

Source : EZ News

Correct Answer :   Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu

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Chief Minister (CM) Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu on Sunday (17th Dec 2023) inaugurated the ‘Him Mahotsav’ being organised in Dilli Haat by HimCraft, Himachal Pradesh Tourism development Corporation (HPTDC) and Art, Language and Culture department from 17 to 30 December 2023 at New Delhi.

The CM said that the present state government was taking initiatives to promote the state’s ‘pahari’ culture at various national and international platforms. He said the government was making efforts to export the Himachali caps which were being appreciated by investors in Dubai.

The CM stated that ‘Him Mahotsav’ would provide an effective platform for the state’s artisans and weavers to sell their products and take big orders in the national capital besides expanding their business activities. He added that as many as 60 stalls had been showcased in the ‘Him Mahotsav’ and cultural programmes would be presented by the Himachali folk artists.

Sukhu said the natural beauty of Himachal Pradesh attracts all and weather in winter was very good as compared to the plains. He welcomed the tourists to enjoy winter especially the last weekend of the year in the state and added that winter carnival will be an added attraction for them.

Speaking on the occasion, industries minister Harshvardhan Chauhan said ‘Him Mahotsav’ was an attempt to celebrate the art, culture and cuisine of the state. He said that Himcraft had organised similar events during the International Trade Fair and G20 Summit where the handicrafts, handlooms and cuisine of the state were highly appreciated and registered good sales. He also detailed the activities of the Himcraft and the support being extended by the state government to the artisans and weavers.

Chief secretary Prabodh Saxena in his welcome address detailed the aims and objectives of the event..

Source : Hindustan Times

Correct Answer :   December 16

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Vijay Diwas, observed on December 16 every year, stands as a testament to the valor and sacrifice of the Indian armed forces during the 1971 war against Pakistan.

This day holds deep historical significance as it marks India’s resounding victory, resulting in the creation of Bangladesh. The day is dedicated to honoring the soldiers who laid down their lives for the country.


Vijay Diwas Historical Background :

The roots of the 1971 war lie in the oppressive actions of the Pakistani military regime led by General Yahya Khan. The conflict arose when the Awami League, led by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, won the 1970 elections. In response, the Pakistani military resorted to genocide, triggering a mass exodus from East Pakistan. India, under the leadership of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, intervened to shelter the refugees.

On December 3, 1971, Pakistan’s air strikes on Indian airbases prompted a decisive response. Indira Gandhi, instructing General Sam Manekshaw, initiated a full-scale war. India supported Bangladeshi nationalist groups and executed ‘Operation Trident,’ targeting the Karachi Port. After 13 days of intense conflict, General Amir Abdullah Khan Niazi of Pakistan surrendered with 93,000 soldiers, leading to the creation of Bangladesh.


The Surrender and its Implications :

On Vijay Diwas, India remembers the significant moment when General Niazi, along with 93,000 soldiers, surrendered before the Indian Army and the Mukti Bahini of Bangladesh. This surrender is marked as one of the most substantial military surrenders post-World War II, signifying India’s triumph in the face of adversity.

Vijay Diwas 2023: Commemoration and Significance :

Vijay Diwas is a day of reflection and tribute, commemorating the sacrifices made by the Indian armed forces. The day holds immense cultural and political significance, emphasizing the strong ties between India and Bangladesh. India pays homage to the bravery and strength displayed by its armed forces during the war.


Vijay Diwas 2023, Celebrations and Observances :

Vijay Diwas is marked by parades and significant events in both India and Bangladesh. Beyond its historical importance, the day serves as a reminder of the shared history and the enduring spirit of cooperation between the two nations.

As students reflect on Vijay Diwas, they are reminded of India’s celebrated emergence during the 1971 war. The day stands as a symbol of courage, unity, and the indomitable spirit of the armed forces. Vijay Diwas continues to inspire generations, fostering a deep sense of patriotism and pride in the hearts of the citizens of India and Bangladesh alike.

Correct Answer :   Iceland

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In a global landscape characterized by diverse challenges such as geopolitical conflicts and natural calamities, individuals place a premium on safety and security to attain a tranquil and stable living environment. Certain nations emerge as exemplary models in this regard, distinguished by their commitment to the safety of their populace.

Whether gauged through factors like minimal crime rates, proficient governance or societal cohesion, these countries consistently prioritize the welfare and security of their residents. This article delves into the top 10 safest countries in the world, shedding light on their outstanding safety records and the measures they adopt to ensure the well-being of their citizens.

World’s Safest Country 2023 :

For an impressive 14th consecutive year, Iceland secures its title as the world’s safest country according to the Global Peace Index. With a population of 340,000, Iceland’s safety stems from its high living standards, social harmony and a small, trusting community. Notably, the absence of a military, unarmed police and progressive laws promoting equality contribute to Iceland’s unrivaled reputation for security.

List of Top-10 Safest Countries in the World :

As per the Global Peace Index 2023, Iceland holds the title of safest country in the world with the Global Peace Index of 1.12 in the year 2023, followed by Denmark, Ireland, New Zealand and Austria.

Here is the list of top-10 safest countries of the world :

Correct Answer :   India-Korea

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Mr. Sanjay Kumar Agarwal, Chairman of the Central Board of Indirect Taxes & Customs (CBIC), inaugurated the India-Korea Electronic Origin Data Exchange System (EODES) on December 6, 2023, in New Delhi.

The ceremony was attended by Mr. KO Kwang Hyo, Commissioner of Korea Customs Service (KCS), and his delegation.

Objective : EODES aims to streamline the implementation of the India-Korea Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) through the electronic exchange of origin information between the customs administrations of both nations, specifically for goods traded under CEPA.

Functionality : The system enables the electronic sharing of data fields in a Certificate of Origin (CoO) by the exporting customs administration with the importing customs immediately upon the issuance of the certificate. This electronic exchange expedites the clearance process for imported goods.

Importance of Customs Cooperation : Mr. Sanjay Kumar Agarwal emphasized the significance of Customs cooperation between India and Korea, focusing on aspects such as automated data exchange, capacity-building, and enforcement. He expressed optimism that the success of the EODES project would set a global standard for international Customs cooperation.

Acknowledgment and Recognition : Mr. KO Kwang Hyo acknowledged the collaborative efforts of both teams and highlighted that the operationalization of the system would provide a new momentum to preferential trade between India and Korea.

Soft Launch and Commitment : With the soft launch of EODES, both sides committed to its early utilization in a live environment. The launch is considered a major milestone in the ongoing bilateral relations between the two countries.

Correct Answer :   India

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The Defence Ministry on Friday (15th Dec 2023) said a successful flight trial of an indigenous high-speed flying-wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) was carried out in Karnataka’s Chitradurga that propelled India into an elite club of nations to have the technology to produce such a platform.



* The autonomous flying wing technology demonstrator has been developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO).

* "The DRDO has successfully carried out a flight trial of autonomous flying wing technology demonstrator, an indigenous high-speed flying-wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) from the aeronautical test range in Chitradurga," the ministry said.

* The successful flying demonstration of this autonomous stealth UAV is a testimony to maturity in the technology readiness levels in the country, it said.

* "With this flight in the tailless configuration, India has joined the elite club of countries to have mastered the controls for the flying wing technology," the Defence Ministry said.

* Defence Minister Rajnath Singh has complimented the DRDO, the armed forces and the industry for the successful flight trial of the system. He said the successful development of such critical technologies indigenously will further strengthen the armed forces.

* This UAV is designed and developed by DRDO’s Aeronautical Development Establishment. The ministry said the maiden flight of this aircraft was demonstrated in July 2022, followed by six flight trials in various developmental configurations using two in-house manufactured prototypes.

* ”These flight tests led to achievements in the development of robust aerodynamic and control system; integrated real-time and hardware-in-loop simulation, and state-of-the-art ground control stations,” it said.

* ”The team had optimised the avionic systems, integration and flight operations towards the successful seventh flight in the final configuration,” the ministry added.

* The aircraft prototype, with a complex arrowhead wing platform, is designed and manufactured with lightweight carbon prepreg composite material developed indigenously.

* "Also, the composite structure, impregnated with fibre interrogators for health monitoring, is a showcase of 'Aatmanirbharta' in aerospace technology," the ministry said.

* "The autonomous landing of this high-speed UAV, without the need for ground radars/infrastructure/pilot, showcased a unique capability demonstration, allowing take-off and landing from any runway with surveyed coordinates," it said.

* The ministry said this was possible using onboard sensor data fusion with indigenous satellite-based augmentation using GPS-aided GEO Augmented Navigation (GAGAN) receivers to improve the accuracy and integrity of GPS navigation..


Source : CNBC

Correct Answer :   $21 Billion

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In November 2023, India experienced a 2.83% decline in merchandise exports, totaling $33.90 billion, while the trade deficit narrowed to $20.58 billion.

India’s economic landscape in November 2023 witnessed a decline in merchandise exports by 2.83%, totaling $33.90 billion, compared to $34.89 billion in the corresponding month the previous year. This downturn, however, contributed to a positive trend in the trade deficit, which narrowed to $20.58 billion, as revealed by government data released by the Commerce Ministry.

Trade Scenario Overview (April-November 2023) :

* Export Contraction : The overall merchandise trade scenario for April-November 2023 depicted a 6.51% contraction in exports, amounting to $278.80 billion.
* Import Reduction : Imports experienced a 4.33% reduction, standing at $54.48 billion in November 2023. Import figures for the cumulative period of April-November 2023 recorded an 8.67% decrease, reaching $445.15 billion.

Factors Influencing Imports :

* Oil Imports Decline : The decrease in imports was notably attributed to a significant decline in oil imports, falling from $139.29 billion in April-November 2022-23 to $113.65 billion in the corresponding period of FY2023-24.
* Positive Trade Deficit Shift : The cumulative trade deficit for April-November 2023 was estimated at $166.35 billion, showcasing a positive shift from the $189.21 billion reported during the same period in the previous fiscal year.

Sectoral Performance :

* Positive Growth Sectors : Sectors such as electronics, iron ore, and pharmaceuticals registered positive growth.
* Contracting Import Segments : Conversely, segments experiencing a decline in inbound shipments included coal, coke; pearls, precious and semi-precious stones; and fertilizers.

Specific Import Details :

* Gold Imports Increase : Gold imports recorded a notable increase of 21% to $32.93 billion.
* Electronic Goods : Imports of electronic goods rose to $57.83 billion during April-November 2023-24, compared to $51.89 billion in the same period last year.

Monthly Fluctuations :

* Gold Imports in November : In November, gold imports saw a 6.24% rise, reaching $3.44 billion.
* Oil Imports in November : However, oil imports during the month dipped by 8.47% to $14.93 billion.

Export Performance in October :

* October Growth : In contrast to November, exports in October had shown a growth of 6.21%.

Services Export Overview :

* Estimated Service Exports : The estimated value of services exported for November is $28.69 billion, compared to $26.93 billion in November 2022.
* Eight-Month Period : Over the eight-month period, service exports stood at $220.66 billion against $208.30 billion in April-November 2022.

Correct Answer :   China

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The world's deepest and largest underground laboratory became operational in China, state news agency Xinhua reported on Thursday (7th Dec 2023). The report said that the 2,400-metre-deep physics laboratory in located in southwest China's Sichuan Province.

* The state agency's report stated that the Deep Underground and Ultra-low Radiation Background Facility for Frontier Physics Experiments (DURF) is located beneath Jinping Mountain in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture.

* The DURF has a total room capacity of 330,000 cubic metres.

* The report mentioned the scientists think that the lab provides a major boost to the global search for dark matter, which is a hypothetical form of matter that appears not to interact with light or the electromagnetic field.

* It is expected that the lab will open up new frontiers in deep-earth experiments as the extreme depth will help the scientists by blocking most cosmic rays that mess with the observation.

* The underground laboratory has been launched after three years of extensive upgrades and expansion as it is the second phase of China Jinping Underground Laboratory, Xinhua further reported.  

* The facility started construction in December 2020 and was jointly built by Tsinghua University and Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Ltd.

* The facility, which is offering special testing conditions, is not available to scientists elsewhere.

* As quoted, Yue Qian, a professor at Tsinghua University, said that the location helps DURF to be exposed to a very small amount of cosmic rays  - one hundred-millionth of that on the Earth's surface.

* The facility boasts advantages including ultra-low cosmic ray flux, extremely low environmental radiation, extremely low radon concentration, and ultra-clean space.

* Notably, the first phase of the China Jinping Underground Laboratory was completed and put into use at the end of 2010, with a room capacity of about 4,000 cubic meters.

* Several reports have stated that the facility made several scientific achievements, which have helped China's dark matter direct detection experiments. ..


Source : WIO News