Daily & Latest Current Affairs in 2025

Correct Answer :   Rushan Abbas

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Rushan Abbas was elected as the new Chairperson of the World Uyghur Congress, a global organization advocating for the rights and freedoms of Uyghurs facing oppression in China.

Abbas's election comes amid significant challenges, as she committed to taking strong actions to amplify the voices of Uyghurs and to advocate for their freedom, dignity, and peace.

Despite ongoing threats, the Uyghur community held these elections as a testament to their resilience and determination for justice.

Correct Answer :   Sri Lanka

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India strengthened its energy cooperation with Sri Lanka by gifting rooftop solar systems to various sacred sites across the island nation.

This initiative is a significant component of India's $17 million project, focusing on installing 25 MW of solar energy capacity across 5,000 Buddhist, Hindu, Christian, and Muslim places of worship.

This gesture underscores India's commitment to promoting sustainable energy and fostering bilateral ties with its neighbouring countries.

Correct Answer :   Hisar

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Hisar is known as the "magnet city" of Haryana because it was chosen as a counter-magnet city for the National Capital Region (NCR). Let's explore why Hisar has earned the title of a magnet city and what makes it special.

Haryana is a state in northern India known for its rich culture, agriculture, and rapid industrial growth. It has a strong farming tradition, especially in wheat and rice production, and plays a key role in India’s agricultural output. The state is also developing as an industrial and educational hub, attracting many opportunities.

An Overview of Haryana :

Haryana is a state in northern India. It became a separate state on November 1, 1966, after Punjab was divided based on language. Haryana is the 21st largest state in India, covering about 44,212 square kilometers (17,070 square miles), which is less than 1.4% of India’s total area. The capital city is Chandigarh, which it shares with the neighboring state of Punjab. The biggest city by population is Faridabad, located in the National Capital Region. Gurgaon is one of the country’s main centers for finance and technology.

Number of Districts of Madhya Pradesh :

Haryana is divided into 6 main administrative areas, called divisions. It has 22 districts, 72 smaller divisions, and 93 revenue areas known as tehsils. There are also 50 smaller tehsils, 140 development blocks, 154 cities and towns, 7,356 villages, and 6,222 village councils (panchayats).

Which District of Haryana is Known as Magnet City?

Hisar is the district in Haryana that is called a “counter-magnet city” for the National Capital Region (NCR). Let’s explore why Hisar has earned this name and what makes it special.

Why is Hisar Known as the Magnet City?

Hisar is known as the “magnet city” of Haryana because it was chosen as a counter-magnet city for the National Capital Region (NCR). This means it has the potential to grow as an important center, helping to reduce the overcrowding in New Delhi by attracting businesses, jobs, and development to the area.

Location of Hisar :

Hisar is in the Hisar division of Haryana, located about 102 miles (165 kilometers) west of New Delhi. It is well-connected to the National Capital Region, which makes it an important place for development.

Historical Background of Hisar, the Magnet City of Haryana :

The history of Hisar goes back many centuries. It was once ruled by different empires and dynasties, including the Mauryans, Tughlaqs, Mughals, and the British. Until 1966, Hisar was part of Punjab. When Haryana became a separate state, Hisar became one of its districts.

Correct Answer :   Railway

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On October 25, 2024, the Railway Protection Force (RPF) launched the ‘Digital Memorial of Valour’ in New Delhi, a heartfelt initiative dedicated to honoring the sacrifices of its brave personnel who laid down their lives in the line of duty.

Overview :

Launch Date : October 25, 2024

Location : New Delhi

Initiative : ‘Digital Memorial of Valour’

Purpose : To honor the sacrifices of RPF personnel who have laid down their lives in service to the nation.

Key Features of the Digital Memorial :

* Citizens can digitally adorn martyrs’ photographs with wreaths and candles.
* Part of the Martyr’s Week Observance, following Police Commemoration Day on October 21.
* 14 martyrs from the previous year are highlighted.
* Comprehensive list of 1,011 martyrs from RPF and RPSF who have sacrificed their lives over the years.

Alignment with Digital India :

* The ‘Digital Memorial of Valour’ aligns with the government’s ‘Digital India’ initiative, making tributes accessible to a broader audience.
* This platform ensures participation from those unable to attend physical commemorative events, promoting inclusivity in remembrance.
* Users are invited to subscribe to the digital copy of the ‘Compendium of Martyrs in RPF,’ which will be released on October 28, 2024.
* The compendium will chronicle the stories and sacrifices of RPF personnel over the years, further honoring their legacy.

Shri Manoj Yadava, DG RPF Remarks :

* Emphasized that the memorial serves as a token of everlasting gratitude for the sacrifices made by the heroes.
* Highlighted the memorial as a reminder of the enduring legacy of valor and courage, serving as an inspiration for future generations.
* Reaffirmed the commitment of the RPF to safeguarding the nation with the same dedication exemplified by the martyrs.

Historical Commemoration :

* In September 2024, DG RPF led a team to the Hot Spring Memorial in Ladakh, commemorating police officers who sacrificed their lives during the 1959 clash with Chinese troops.
* This visit, undertaken in challenging terrain at 15,400 feet near the Line of Actual Control (LAC), illustrates the RPF’s dedication to honoring the legacy of India’s bravehearts.
About Railway Protection Force (RPF)
* The RPF is an armed force under the operational and administrative control of the Union Ministry of Railways.
* It is tasked with protecting and securing railway property, the passenger areas, and the passengers themselves.

Constitution :

* The RPF was set up as a consequence of The Railway Protection Force Act, 1957.
* This act was enacted by Parliament to provide for the constitution and regulation of an armed force of the Union for the better protection and security of railway property.
* The Act came into force after Parliament passed significant modifications to it through The Railway Protection Force (Amendment) Act, 1985.

Function and area of operation :

* The force is more than 74,000 strong, and distributed over the entire length and breadth of the country.
* Its area of operation is massive, and its responsibilities huge.
* India Railways carry approximately 22 million passengers and over 3 million metric tons of freight everyday over more than 63,000 kilometers of railway network.
* The Railway Protection Force guards this vital artery of the economy of the Nation.

Correct Answer :   Bodh Gaya

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Bodh Gaya, a small town located in Bihar, holds the title of City of Enlightenment. It holds great importance in the world of Buddhism as the place where Gautama Buddha attained enlightenment. This article explores the features, significance, history, and influence of Bodh Gaya.

India is a vast and diverse country in South Asia, famous for its rich culture and history. It has many languages, religions, and festivals, showcasing a unique blend of traditions. From the beautiful landscapes to delicious food, India offers a wide variety of experiences, making it a fascinating place for visitors and locals alike.

Indian States and Union Territories :

India has 28 states and 8 Union Territories. Each state has its own government and culture, while Union Territories are governed directly by the central government. The diversity in languages, traditions, and lifestyles across these regions makes India a colorful and vibrant nation.

Which Indian City is Known as the City of Enlightenment?

Bodh Gaya is a small town in the Gaya district of Bihar, India and holds the title as the City of Enlightenment. It holds great importance in the world of Buddhism as the place where Gautama Buddha attained enlightenment. This article explores the features, significance, history, and influence of Bodh Gaya.

Location of Bodh Gaya, the City of Enlightenment

Bodh Gaya is located in the Gaya district of Bihar, India. It is a small town that attracts many visitors and pilgrims every year, making it an essential religious site.

Bodh Gaya is Known for

Bodh Gaya is best known as the birthplace of Buddhism. It is famous because it is the place where Gautama Buddha, the founder of Buddhism, achieved enlightenment. This event is a cornerstone of Buddhist beliefs.

Correct Answer :   79th

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The World Justice Project (WJP) Rule of Law Index 2024 reveals that India ranks 79th out of 142 countries, reflecting a continuing decline in the rule of law globally.

This year’s (2024) Index shows a decline in the rule of law in 59% of the countries surveyed, marking the sixth consecutive year of global declines since 2016.

Key Highlights :

* Global Trend : For the seventh consecutive year, rule of law scores declined in 57% of countries worldwide, attributed mainly to authoritarian trends and a decline in Fundamental Rights.
* India’s Performance : India ranked 79th out of 142 countries in the overall index, with its score increasing slightly from last year. Regionally, India holds the 3rd position among 6 South Asian countries.
* Income Group Ranking : Among lower-middle-income countries, India ranked 8th out of 38.
* Global Ranking Leaders : Denmark, Norway, Finland, Sweden, and Germany top the list, while Venezuela, Cambodia, Afghanistan, Haiti, and Myanmar rank the lowest.

Within South Asia, India ranked third after Nepal (69) and Sri Lanka (75), followed by Bangladesh (127) Pakistan (129) and Afghanistan (140). Among the G7 countries, Germany topped fifth, followed by Canada (12), Japan (14), UK (15), France (22), the USA (27) and Italy (32). Venezuela got the lowest rank and placed at 142.

Correct Answer :   Deepak Agarwal

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Days after it assigned additional charge of the Managing Director, National Agriculture Cooperative Marketing Federation of India Ltd (NAFED), to an official of the Ministry of Cooperation, the Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC) Friday (25th Oct 2024) appointed Deepak Agarwal, a 2000-batch Uttar Pradesh cadre IAS officer, as the regular MD of NAFED for a period of five years. An order to this effect was issued by the ACC.

The order came days after the ACC entrusted charge of the post to an official of the Ministry of Cooperation, a week after Union Agriculture Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan’s decision to assign the additional charge of MD, NAFED, to an Agriculture Ministry official.

On 21 October 2024, The Indian Express reported— “NAFED post: Agriculture gives it to own official, week later it goes to Cooperation.”

The ACC, chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, has Amit Shah, Union Minister of Home Affairs and Cooperation, as its only other ministerial member. It is responsible for appointing senior officials to key positions in the Central government, public sector undertakings and autonomous bodies.

It is learnt that the Agriculture Ministry, in an order on September 23, assigned additional charge of MD, NAFED, to Muktanand Agrawal, a Joint Secretary in the ministry. The order was issued a day after Ritesh Chauhan demitted office as MD. The order was issued “with approval of the Competent Authority” — in this case the Agriculture Minister, sources said.

But on September 30, the ACC appointed Pankaj Kumar Bansal, Additional Secretary, Ministry of Cooperation, as the MD, NAFED, initially for “a period of three months or till the appointment of a regular incumbent to the post.”.

Source : Indian Express

Correct Answer :   October 28

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International Animation Day (IAD) was created by ASIFA (Association Internationale du Film d’Animation) in 2002 to honor the origins and influence of animation.

It commemorates the first public projection of animated images, Émile Reynaud’s Théâtre Optique in Paris on October 28, 1892. International Animation Day, also known as IAD, is held annually on 28th October.

Origin

* Established by ASIFA in 2002.
* Marks the first public performance of projected moving images by Émile Reynaud on October 28, 1892.
* Celebrates animation as a significant artistic and cultural medium.

Significance of Animation

* Recognized across various media, theater, television, advertising, music, internet, multimedia, and film.
* Appreciated as a powerful art form by independent creators, students, artists, and even children globally.
* Highlights the diversity of animation techniques like drawing, claymation, paper cut-outs, sand animation, and digital animation.
* Animation transcends language, making it a universal tool for cultural connection and storytelling.

ASIFA’s Role and Goals

* Promotes animation as a dynamic and evolving medium.
* Supports collaboration and exchange between animation communities worldwide.
* Seeks to increase public awareness and appreciation for animation through IAD.
* Assists in connecting animators from different countries, encouraging the sharing of unique animation styles and cultural insights.

Correct Answer :   Knesset

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The parliament of Israel is called the Knesset. It is the only chamber of the parliament and holds the highest authority in the country. The Knesset has a unique history and plays a key role in shaping the government of Israel. Let's learn more about it.

Israel’s Parliament serves as the central institution for making laws and shaping government policies. It plays a crucial role in the country’s democratic system, representing the people’s interests and guiding national decision-making. In this article, we will know about the name of the Parliament of Israel and some interesting about it.

What is the Name of the Parliament of Israel?

The parliament of Israel is called the Knesset. It is the only chamber of the parliament and holds the highest authority in the country. The Knesset has a unique history and plays a key role in shaping the government of Israel. Let’s learn more about it.

How was the Knesset, Israel’s Parliament Established?

The Knesset was formed on February 16, 1949, when the Constituent Assembly (which was elected in January of the same year to prepare Israel’s constitution) decided to become the First Knesset. On the same day, Chaim Weizmann was elected as the first president of Israel. Although Israel did not create a formal, written constitution, it passed important laws to establish the rules for the Knesset and other parts of the government.

How may Members are there in the Knesset?

The Knesset has 120 members. They are elected every four years through a system called proportional representation. This means that even small political parties can win seats if they get enough votes. There are no voting districts in Israel; the entire country is considered a single voting area.

How are Knesset Members Elected?

People in Israel who are 18 or older can vote. They choose from lists of candidates provided by political parties. The lists are made up of people who are 21 or older, and the parties decide the order of the names. If a party’s list receives 5 percent of the vote, for example, then 5 percent of the 120 seats (which is six seats) in the Knesset go to the people at the top of that party’s list.

Who leads the Government of Israel?

The prime minister-elect is in charge of forming the government. They select the cabinet, which is the main group responsible for making important decisions. The cabinet needs to receive approval from the Knesset to start its work. Most of the cabinet members are also Knesset members, but sometimes nonmembers can be chosen.

Key Facts About Knesset, the Parliament of Israel :

Here are some key facts that you must know about Knesset, the Parliament of Israel:

Members of Knesset: 120
Term of Knesset Members: 4 years
Current Speaker of the Knesset: Amir Ohana
Current Prime Minister of the Knesset: Benjamin Netanyahu

Correct Answer :   $688.26

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India’s foreign exchange reserves decreased by $2.163 billion, bringing the total to $688.267 billion for the week ending October 18, as reported by the Reserve Bank of India. This decline follows a significant drop of $10.746 billion in the previous week, marking one of the largest reductions in reserves in recent times.

Overview

Current Status : As of October 18, India’s foreign exchange reserves fell by $2.163 billion, totaling $688.267 billion, according to the Reserve Bank of India (RBI).

Recent Trends :

* The previous week saw a significant drop of $10.746 billion, bringing reserves down to $690.43 billion.
* Prior to that, reserves had decreased by $3.709 billion to $701.176 billion.
* Reserves reached an all-time high of $704.885 billion at the end of September.

Components of Reserves :

* Foreign Currency Assets: A key component of forex reserves decreased by $3.865 billion to $598.236 billion.
* These assets reflect the value of currencies held, affected by the appreciation or depreciation of non-US currencies such as the euro, pound, and yen.
* Gold Reserves: Increased by $1.786 million, now valued at $67.444 billion.

Other Indicators :

* Special Drawing Rights (SDRs): Decreased by $68 million to $18.271 billion.
* Reserve Position with IMF: Dropped by $16 million to $4.316 billion.