Correct Answer :   30th January

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India commemorates Martyrs’ Day, also known as Shaheed Diwas, on January 30th each year. This day holds a dual significance as it marks the assassination of Mahatma Gandhi, the “Father of the Nation,” and also serves to honour all the brave souls who sacrificed their lives for the country’s freedom and sovereignty.

History and Significance of Martyrs’ Day :

Martyrs’ Day is observed annually on January 30th, the day Mahatma Gandhi was assassinated in 1948. Gandhi, a globally revered leader, was known for his peaceful and non-violent methods in the struggle against British colonial rule. His assassination by Nathuram Godse, a Hindu nationalist, led to widespread mourning across the nation and the world. In 1949, Godse was sentenced to death for his crime.

While Martyrs’ Day primarily commemorates Gandhi’s death, it also serves as a solemn occasion to remember and pay tribute to all martyrs who laid down their lives for India. The day is a reminder of the sacrifices made for the country’s freedom and the continued struggle for justice and equality.

Observance of Martyrs’ Day Across India :

Martyrs’ Day, also referred to as Mahatma Gandhi’s Punyatithi, is marked by various activities across the country. Prayer meetings and homage ceremonies are organized at Gandhi’s memorials and statues of other freedom fighters. Government officials, political leaders, and citizens participate in these events to pay their respects.

A key ritual of the day is the observance of a two-minute silence at 11:00 AM to remember and reflect on the sacrifices of the martyrs. This moment of silence is a powerful expression of gratitude and respect for those who fought and died for the nation’s independence.

Cultural and Educational Commemorations :

Educational institutions, government offices, and various organizations take part in commemorating Martyrs’ Day by organizing special programs and events. Cultural performances, speeches, and essay competitions are held to foster patriotism and educate the younger generation about the nation’s history and the sacrifices made by martyrs.

These events serve as a platform to instill a sense of national pride and respect for the country’s freedom fighters. They also provide an opportunity for reflection on the values of peace, non-violence, and unity that Mahatma Gandhi championed.

Correct Answer :   Dibrugarh

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The Union Minister of Ayush and Ports, Shipping & Waterways Shri Sarbananda Sonowal along with the Chief Minister of Assam, Dr Himanta Biswa Sarma laid the foundation stone of the Central Research Institute of Yoga & Naturopathy (CRIYN) along with a 100 bedded Yoga & Naturopathy hospital at Dihing Khamtighat in Dibrugarh on 28th Jan 2024.

The institution will be developed over a land parcel of nearly 15 acres (45 bighas) at an approximate investment of ?100 crores, with an aim at bringing a scientifically valid and useful synergy between traditional knowledge of Yoga and Naturopathy and modern tools of technology. It will establish benchmark standards in education, Preventive healthcare and research in the field of Yoga and Naturopathy.

This state-of-the-art institute will focus on fundamental aspects, scientific validation of traditional systems of medicine and practices through evidence-based research, apart from functioning as an international collaboration centre for global promotion and research in Yoga and Naturopathy. The institute will also serve as incubation centres in startups in the field of Yoga and wellness sector.

Addressing the gathering, Shri Sarbananda Sonowal, said, Under the visionary leadership of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi ji, the Ayush movement has got a tremendous boost as it has become a pioneering force of global wellness movement. Today, we lay the foundation stone for the first of its kind Central Research Institute of Yoga & Naturopathy with a 100 bedded hospital in Dibrugarh.

This is yet another testament of Modiji to empower Assam and the whole of Northeast to harness its rich flora & fauna and drive expansion in Ayush sector, with peripheral growth in hospitality, patient care as well as medical tourism sectors as well. Mother Nature has blessed us with her immense beauty and this will go a long way in providing a healing touch for people, of not just the immediate region but the South Asia region, with the rejuvenated, scientifically validated treatment regime through Yoga, Naturopathy, Ayurveda and other traditional forms of medicine..

Source : PIB

Correct Answer :   Maharashtra

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NTPC Green Energy Limited (NGEL) has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Government of Maharashtra for development of Green Hydrogen and derivatives (Green Ammonia, Green Methanol) of up to 1 million Ton capacity per annum, including Pumped Storage Projects of 2 GW and development of renewable energy projects with or without storage up to 5 GW in the state.

The MoU has been signed as a part of Government of Maharashtra’s Green Investment Plan for the next five years. The agreement envisages a potential investment of approximately ? 80, 000 crores.

The MoU was exchanged on 29th January, 2024 between Chief Executive Officer, NGEL, Shri Mohit Bhargava and Deputy Secretary (Energy), Government of Maharashtra, Shri Narayan Karad in the presence of Chief Minister of Maharashtra Shri Eknath Shinde, Deputy Chief Minister of Maharashtra, Shri Devendra Fadnavis and other senior officials.

NTPC is in the path of building renewable energy capacity of 60 GW by 2032.

NGEL is a wholly-owned subsidiary of NTPC and aims to be the flag bearer of NTPC’s Renewable Energy journey with an operational capacity of over 3.4 GW and 26 GW in pipeline including 7 GW under implementation..

Source : PIB

Correct Answer :   Satnam Singh Sandhu

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President of India Droupadi Murmu has nominated educationist and the founder of Chandigarh University (CU) Satnam Singh Sandhu as a member of the Rajya Sabha.

Vice president and Rajya Sabha chairman Jagdeep Dhankar welcomed Sandhu to the Upper House. “I welcome the nomination of Shri Satnam Singh Sandhu Ji to the Rajya Sabha. His rich work in community service and his passion towards education, innovation and learning will be big sources of strength for the Rajya Sabha. I wish him the very best for his tenure,” Dhankar said on X.

Sandhu, son of a farmer, founded the Chandigarh Group of Colleges (CGC) at Landran in Mohali in 2001 and Chandigarh University in 2012.

“He is a philanthropist and is actively involved in large scale community efforts to improve health and wellness and also to advance communal harmony through his two NGOs Indian Minorities Foundation and New India Development (NID) Foundation,” a person aware of the details said.

According to the Fourth Schedule of the Constitution of India, the President has been bestowed the right to nominate 12 members to the Rajya Sabha for a six-year term for their contributions towards arts, literature, science, and social services..

Source : Hindustan Times

Correct Answer :   Himanta Biswa Sarma

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Assam Chief Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma unveiled the inaugural 1st edition of ‘Political History of Assam (1947-1971) – Volume 1 on January 25, 2024.

* Emphasising the need for history based on factual evidence rather than ideology, the Chief Minister stated that true history transcends ideological biases.

* The three-volume series, scheduled for completion by 2025, will reportedly chronicle Assam’s political events from 1947 to 2020.

* During the book release event for Shri Rajen Saikia’s work, CM Sarma highlighted historical figures like Raja Prithu, underscoring the need for a comprehensive understanding of Assam’s freedom fighters.

* He also reportedly urged the author to present history objectively, devoid of leftist or rightist perspectives.

* Notably, the project for compiling and publishing the ‘Political History of Assam’ was previously announced by the state government, with Dr. Rajen Saikia, a distinguished historian, serving as the project’s editor.

Correct Answer :   Last Sunday of January

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World Leprosy Day, observed annually on the last Sunday of January, is a crucial event dedicated to raising awareness about leprosy, also known as Hansen’s Disease. As we mark World Leprosy Day on January 28 this year (2024), it’s important to understand the disease, its impact, and the significance of this day.

Understanding Leprosy :

Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae. It primarily affects the skin, nerves, upper respiratory tract, and eyes. Symptoms include blisters, loss of skin color, rashes, reduced sensation of touch, loss of temperature sensation, nerve injury, weight loss, and joint pain. Despite being a curable disease, early detection and awareness are vital for effective treatment.

History of World Leprosy Day :

The first World Leprosy Day was established in 1954 by French Journalist Raoul Follereau. He chose the date as a tribute to Mahatma Gandhi, who showed compassion and empathy towards people affected by leprosy. The day aims to campaign for awareness about the disease and to highlight available treatment options.

Significance of World Leprosy Day 2024 :

This year’s theme for World Leprosy Day is “Beat Leprosy.” The focus is on combating the stigma associated with the disease and promoting awareness about its curability. The World Health Organisation emphasizes the importance of educating the public that leprosy is caused by bacteria and can be easily cured with proper treatment.

Combating Stigma and Misconceptions :

One of the key challenges in leprosy management is the social stigma attached to the disease. This stigma can lead to discrimination and isolation of the affected individuals, hindering their access to timely medical care. World Leprosy Day serves as an opportunity to dispel myths and educate people about leprosy, ensuring that affected individuals are treated with dignity and respect.

The Path to Treatment and Rehabilitation :

Effective treatment for leprosy has been available since the 1980s, primarily through multi-drug therapy (MDT). Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent disability and to cure the disease. Rehabilitation efforts also focus on the social and psychological aspects, helping individuals reintegrate into society.

Correct Answer :   Naorem Roshibina Devi

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Naorem Roshibina Devi, the pride of Manipur, has clinched the prestigious title of International Wushu Federation Female Athlete of the Year, solidifying her place as a powerhouse in the world of wushu.

Dominance in Wushu :

Roshibina’s triumphs at the Asian Games in 2018 and 2022 have been pivotal moments in her career, showcasing her dominance in the sport. Her silver and bronze medals in the sanda category have earned her widespread recognition and admiration.

Public Mandate :

The month-long public voting process saw Roshibina garner an overwhelming number of votes, a testament to her popularity and prowess in wushu circles worldwide. Her victory over formidable opponents underscores her status as a true champion.

Hangzhou Asian Games :

While Roshibina faced a tough loss to Wu Xiaowei at the Hangzhou Asian Games, her resilience and determination continue to inspire. Her ability to bounce back from setbacks is a hallmark of her character and dedication to her craft.

Global Recognition :

The International Wushu Federation’s Athletes Committee recognized Roshibina’s outstanding achievements among a pool of talented athletes from around the globe. Her selection as Female Athlete of the Year highlights her exceptional talent and contribution to the sport.

Journey of Excellence :

Roshibina’s journey to sporting excellence began with a bronze medal at the World Junior Wushu Championships in 2016. Since then, she has continued to rise through the ranks, culminating in the prestigious Arjuna Award, a testament to her dedication and success in wushu.

Correct Answer :   Odisha

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The 4th National Chilika Birds Festival, a hallmark event in Odisha’s calendar, commenced with grandeur on 26th January 2024. Hosted against the breathtaking backdrop of Chilika Lake, this festival brings together birders and enthusiasts from across India to celebrate the State of India’s Birds.

Unveiling the Festivities :

The festival’s inauguration, graced by Odisha Chief Minister Naveen Patnaik, marked the beginning of a three-day extravaganza. A captivating ‘Photo Exhibition’ showcased the vibrant avian life of Chilika, setting the stage for an immersive experience.

Exploring Mangalajodi and Nalabana :

Participants embarked on birding excursions to Mangalajodi and Nalabana, sanctuaries nestled within Chilika’s pristine environs. Mangalajodi, dubbed the “Birds Paradise of Asia,” offered a glimpse into the diverse avian species that call this region home.

Conservation Efforts and Achievements :

State Tourism Minister Aswini Kumar Patra highlighted Odisha’s pioneering efforts in bird conservation. The latest census, unveiled during the festival, underscored the region’s significance in preserving India’s avian heritage.

Community-led Conservation in Mangalajodi :

The festival also showcased Mangalajodi’s exemplary model of community-led conservation. From habitat restoration to extensive census activities, collaborative efforts have established Mangalajodi as a beacon of sustainable wildlife tourism.

Vision for Sustainable Tourism :

Director Nandankanan & Chief Executive Chilika Development Authority Dr. Manoj Nair reiterated the commitment to balancing conservation with tourism development. Chilika’s ecological significance underscores the need for sustainable practices to safeguard its biodiversity.

Promoting Awareness and Appreciation :

The unveiling of the ‘State of India’s Birds’ poster and video, coupled with insightful discussions, enriched participants’ understanding of India’s avian diversity. These initiatives underscored the festival’s mission to foster awareness and appreciation for Odisha’s rich natural heritage.

Odisha’s Commitment to Conservation and Ecotourism :

As the curtains draw on another successful edition of the National Chilika Birds Festival, Odisha reaffirms its commitment to conservation and ecotourism. By celebrating the State of India’s Birds amidst the tranquil shores of Chilika Lake, the festival reinforces Odisha’s status as a premier destination for birding enthusiasts worldwide.

Correct Answer :   Narendra Modi

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Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated multiple development projects worth over Rs 19,100 crore in Bulandshahr, Uttar Pradesh, on Thursday (25th Jan 2024). In Bulandshahr.

The projects span various sectors, including rail, road, oil and gas, urban development, and housing. The Prime Minister attended a public event in UP's Bulandshahr. Speaking during the event, he said that now it is time to give new heights to 'Rashtra Pratishtha' and the aim is to make Bharat a developed nation by 2047. 

The diverse projects spanned crucial sectors such as rail, road, oil and gas, and urban development.

Rail Connectivity Enhancements :

* Dedication of a 173 Km long double line electrified section between New Khurja – New Rewari on Dedicated Freight Corridor.
* Inauguration of the fourth line connecting Mathura – Palwal section & Chipiyana Buzurg – Dadri section.

Road Development Initiatives :

* Dedication of multiple road projects, including four-laning work, widening, and development projects at a cumulative cost exceeding Rs 5000 crores.

Oil and Gas Infrastructure :

* Inauguration of Indian Oil’s Tundla-Gawaria Pipeline, a 255 km long project costing about Rs 700 crores.

Urban Development Milestones :

* Dedication of the ‘Integrated Industrial Township at Greater Noida’ (IITGN) at a cost of Rs. 1,714 crores.
* Inauguration of the renovated Mathura sewerage scheme, including a sewage treatment plant, at a cost of about Rs 460 crores.

Correct Answer :   Lala Lajpat Rai

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Lala Lajpat Rai Jayanti 2024 : 28 January 2024 marked the 159th birth anniversary of the freedom fighter Lala Lajpat Rai, popularly known as “Punjab Kesari” or “Lion of Punjab“.

About Lala Lajpat Rai: The Lion of Punjab :

* Schooling : Rai did his primary schooling in Rewari, Punjab, influenced by his father, a government school teacher, and his deeply religious mother.

* Higher Education : He joined Government College at Lahore in 1880, majoring in law, where he was influenced by the Arya Samaj movement.

Lala Lajpat Rai: His Contribution to the Indian National Movement :

* Part of ‘Lal, Bal, Pal’ Trio : Alongside Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Bipin Chandra Pal, Rai formed a formidable trio advocating for Swadeshi and home-rule movements.


* Protest against Rowlatt Act and Jallianwala Bagh Massacre : Rai actively opposed these oppressive British policies.

* Leadership in Congress : Rai served as the President of the Indian National Congress from 1920, steering pivotal moments like the Non-Cooperation Movement.

Lala Lajpat Rai: His Associated Organizations :

Hindu Relief Movement : Started in 1897 to aid famine-stricken people, preventing them from falling prey to missionaries.

Dayanand Anglo-Vedic School : He helped establish the Dayanand Anglo-Vedic School in Lahore, promoting nationalistic education.

Punjab National Bank : Rai helped establish this bank in 1894, a significant contribution to India’s economic development.

Servants of People Society : Founded in 1921, this society reflected his dedication to social service.

Arya Samaj and Hindu Mahasabha : Rai’s involvement in these organisations highlighted his commitment to Hindu reform and national politics.

Indian Home Rule League of America : Founded in 1917 during his stay in the U.S., it aimed to promote India’s cause for self-rule.

Lala Lajpat Rai Contributions to Labour Movements and Labor Laws :

*Advocacy for Labor Rights : He was deeply concerned with the plight of workers and advocated for better labour laws and working conditions, contributing significantly to the labour rights movement in India.

Lala Lajpat Rai Newspaper & Literary Works :

* He founded the Arya Gazette in Lahore.
* Rai was a regular contributor to various newspapers:
* Young India,
* England’s Debt to India,
* Evolution of Japan,
* India’s Will to Freedom,
* Message of the Bhagavad Gita,
* Political Future of India,
* Problem of National Education in India,
* The Depressed Glasses, and the travelogue ‘United States of America’.

Lala Lajpat Rai Philosophy :

* Ideological Beliefs : Rai’s philosophy combined nationalism, Hindu reformism, and advocacy for civil liberties and self-reliance.

* Influence of Arya Samaj : His views were significantly shaped by the Arya Samaj movement, emphasising social reform within Hinduism.